Messenger RNA Domains in the Embryogenesis and Germination of Cotton Cotyledons

DureIII, Leon; Capdevila, Antonieta; Greenway, Sally C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-3051-6_11

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the absence of additional physiological restrictions, the dried seed readily resumes metabolic and developmental activity upon reimbibition with water. The start of seedling development initiated by seed germination is often considered as an irreversible switch between two very different developmental programs controlled by mutually exclusive sets of gene activities (e.g., Dure et al, 1980). A decisive question in this context is whether seed desiccation serves as a physiological signal to switch off maturation processes and to induce the ability to germinate and to continue the temporally interrupted life cycle upon reimbibition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Storage Materials, Precocious Germination and Development of Desiccation Tolerance During Seed Maturation in Mustard (Sinapis alba L.)

et al. 1988

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ture seeds), maturation (Sinapis seeds), mustard (seed development), precocious germination (Sinapis), proplastid formation (seed development), seed development (Sinapis), Sinapis alba (seed development), starch synthesis (seed maturation), water potential (seed maturation). specific regulatory influence from the mother plant. Immature seeds are able to germinate without a preceding dehydration treatment, which means that partial or full desiccation does not serve as an environmental signal for reprogramming seed development from maturation to germination. Instead, it is argued that the water relations of the seed are a critical element in the control of maturation and germination; during maturation on the mother plant the embryo is subject to a considerable turgor pressure (of the order of 12 bar) accompanied by a low water potential (of the order of -12 bar). This turgor permits maturation growth but is subcritical for germination growth. However, upon imbibition in water, the low water potential provides a driving force for a burst of water uptake overcoming the critical turgor threshold and thereby inducing germination. Abstract---------------

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Storage Materials, Precocious Germination and Development of Desiccation Tolerance During Seed Maturation in Mustard (Sinapis alba L.)

et al. 1988

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“…The mode of ABA action during seed germination has been studied in many systems including cotton embryos (4,12), wheat embryos (1), and barley aleurone layers (2,8,10,13,18). In barley aleurone layers, ABA inhibits the GA3-enhanced synthesis of a-amylase (2,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…cordycepin) indicating that the action of this hormone is dependent on the continuous synthesis of RNA and/or proteins (10). More that ABA induces the synthesis of several new proteins in both cotton embryos (4) and barley aleurone layers (8,9,11,15). The function of these ABA-induced proteins is still unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mode of Action of Abscisic Acid in Barley Aleurone Layers

Uknes

Ho²

1984

Plant Physiol.

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ABSTRACrAs a part of our effort to study the mode of action of abscisic acid (ABA) and its metabolites during seed germination, we have investigated the regulaton of ABA metabolism in barley (Hordeum vulgare) aurone layers and a few other plant tissues. The rate of conversion of pHIABA to I3Hlphaseic acid (PA) the first stable metabolite of ABA, is enhanced by 2-to 5-fold in barley aleurone layers when the tissue is pretreated with ABA. However, the conversion of I3HIPA to 1HI dihydrophaseic acid (DPA), the next metabolite after PA, is not enhanced by pretreatment with either ABA or PA. The ABA enhancement of its own metabolism in barley aleurone layers is detectable with a pretreatment ofABA rai from 109 to 10 molar. This apparent self-induction of ABA conversion to PA can be observed after the barley aleurone layers have been treated with 10 molar ABA for as short as 2 hours, and is inhibited by the transcription inhibitor, cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), or the translation inhibitor, cycloheximide. The self-induction of ABA conversion to PA also occurs in wheat aleurone layers, but not in other plant tissues that have been investipted, including corm root tips, barley embryos, barley, and soybean leaf discs. It is probably a phenomenon unique to the aleurone layers of some cereal grains. In view of the recent observations that ABA is able to induce new proteins in barley aleurone layers, we suggest that some of these ABA-induced proteins are involved in the conversion from ABA to PA in this tissue.It has been well documented that ABA exerts regulatory roles in many physiological processes such as stomatal closure, bud dormancy, seed dormancy, seed development, and germination (for a review, see 17). The mode of ABA action during seed germination has been studied in many systems including cotton embryos (4, 12), wheat embryos (1), and barley aleurone layers (2,8,10,13,18). In barley aleurone layers, ABA inhibits the GA3-enhanced synthesis of a-amylase (2, 10). This inhibition is not due to the direct competition between GA and ABA for a common site of action because high concentrations of GA do not completely overcome the effect of ABA (2,13). Similar to what was reported in cotton and wheat embryos (1, 12), the effect of ABA in barley aleurone layers can be prevented by transcription inhibitors (e.g. cordycepin) indicating that the action of this hormone is dependent on the continuous synthesis of RNA and/or proteins (10). More that ABA induces the synthesis of several new proteins in both cotton embryos (4) and barley aleurone layers (8, 9, 11, 15 MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemicals. Cis, trans, and mixed isomers of ABA were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. DL-cis,trans-[3HJABA (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) Ci/mmol) and DL-cis,trans-`'4C]ABA (11.9 mCi/mmol) were obtained from Amersham. The purity of the labeled ABA was greater than 98% as analyzed by TLC. Phaseic acid and DPA were purified according to Sharkey and Raschke (16)

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“…Dure et al (5) have detected a set of new proteins which are synthesized in ABA-treated developing cotton embryos. They suggest that the function of this set of proteins is to inhibit immature embryos from germinating before seed development is complete.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mode of Action of Abscisic Acid in Barley Aleurone Layers

Lin¹,

Ho²

1986

Plant Physiol.

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As part of a continuing effort to elucidate the mode of action of abscisic acid (ABA) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Himalaya) aleurone layers, we have investigated the induction of several polypeptides by ABA in this tissue. There were nine ABA-induced polypeptides as observed by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and considerably more (at least 16 spots) on a two-dimensional gel. These proteins started to show enhanced synthesis 2 to 4 hours after ABA treatment, and their synthesis continued for at least 48 hours. In vitro translation using total RNA isolated from ABA-treated aleurone layers indicated that translatable mRNA levels of these proteins essentially paralleled the levels of in vivo synthesized proteins. The most abundant of the ABA-induced proteins was a 29 kilodalton polypeptide which was also synthesized in tissue incubated without ABA. In vivo synthesis of this protein declined as ABA concentration was decreased, with I nanomolar ABA approaching control level. Cell fractionation experiments located the 29 kilodalton major ABA-induced protein in 1,OOOg and 13,000g pellets; most other induced proteins were in the 80,000g supernatant. The 29 kilodalton protein appeared to be sensitive to degradation by sulfhydryl type proteases. As expected, the induction of these proteins by ABA was suppressed by gibberellic acid. Phaseic acid, the first stable metabolite of ABA, suppressed the gibberellic acidenhanced a-amylase synthesis but was unable to induce the ABA-induced proteins. None of the ABA-induced proteins were secreted into the incubation medium. A 36 kilodalton ABA-induced protein showed crossreactivity with antibody against a barley lectin specific for glucosamine, galactosamine, and mannosamine.

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Messenger RNA Domains in the Embryogenesis and Germination of Cotton Cotyledons

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Accumulation of Storage Materials, Precocious Germination and Development of Desiccation Tolerance During Seed Maturation in Mustard (Sinapis alba L.)

Accumulation of Storage Materials, Precocious Germination and Development of Desiccation Tolerance During Seed Maturation in Mustard (Sinapis alba L.)

Mode of Action of Abscisic Acid in Barley Aleurone Layers

Mode of Action of Abscisic Acid in Barley Aleurone Layers

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