Meta-Heuristic Device-Free Localization Algorithm under Multiple Path Effect

Abstract

In the scenario of device-free localization under multiple effects, the accuracy of localization based on compressed sensing theory is severely affected. Most existing localization techniques directly ignore multiple path effects. However, it is not practical to ignore the multiple path effect due to its high signal strength, which can provide localization information. In this paper, we formulate the sensing matrix optimization problem in compressed sensing for device-free localization scenarios based on multiple reflections. To solve this problem, we model it as a constrained combinatorial optimization problem and propose a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm. First, smart reflection surfaces and virtual node models are used to construct the desired communication links. Second, we iteratively improve the properties of the measurement matrix by using K-means clustering to obtain reasonable thresholds, and use a meta-heuristic algorithm to optimize the sensing matrix. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed method efficiently optimizes the sensing matrix and achieves fast and high-precision localization while conserving communication resources.