Abstract:Abstract-Three Stage Optimal Memetic Exploration (3SOME) is a single-solution optimization algorithm where the coordinated action of three distinct operators progressively perturb the solution in order to progress towards the problem's optimum. In the fashion of Memetic Computing, 3SOME is designed as an organized structure where the three operators interact by means of a success/failure logic. This simple sequential structure is an initial example of Memetic Computing approach generated by means of a bottom-u… Show more
“…In this phase of exploitation, the method of bubble‐net attacking strategy is employed for effectively determining the position of the NLOS nodes 27 . This method of bubble‐net attacking strategy incorporates the mechanism of shrinking encircling and spiral updating position as detailed below.…”
Section: The Proposed Ill‐woa‐nlos‐lt Schemementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, it may not represent the complete direction and level of evolution. Moreover, solving high dimensional optimization problem like the NLOS nodes' localization problem with multiple number of local optimum solutions is even more complex 27 . If the current best solution determined by a search agent is a local optimum solution, then the probability of the search agents to fall into the local optimum solution during the process of exploration is high.…”
Section: The Proposed Ill‐woa‐nlos‐lt Schemementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The search agents start the process of iterative optimization from the individual solutions that are randomly initialized. 27 The convergence of the localization algorithm can be accelerated and its performance can be significantly improved to a considerable level, when the optimal solutions are closely situated with respect to some of the individual search agents. Further, this good point set theory has confirmed that the weighted sum of error related to m good points is comparatively less than that of the sum of estimated error determined for the any m other points during the application of approximate computation functions implemented in the r-dimensional Euclidean space unit cube.…”
Section: Good Point Set Theory-based Population Initializationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, solving high dimensional optimization problem like the NLOS nodes' localization problem with multiple number of local optimum solutions is even more complex. 27 If the current best solution determined by a search agent is a local optimum solution, then the probability of the search agents to fall into the local optimum solution during the process of exploration is high. This limitation mainly occurs, since the position updating process of the remaining search agents completely concentrates on the current estimated local optimum point.…”
Section: The Need For Integrating Lamarckian Learning With Whale Opti...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The search agents start the process of iterative optimization from the individual solutions that are randomly initialized 27 . The convergence of the localization algorithm can be accelerated and its performance can be significantly improved to a considerable level, when the optimal solutions are closely situated with respect to some of the individual search agents.…”
Section: The Proposed Ill‐woa‐nlos‐lt Schemementioning
Summary
Non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) nodes in vehicular ad‐hoc networks (VANETs) are responsible for introducing channel congestion and broadcast storm during data dissemination for sustaining reliable connectivity between vehicular nodes. In this paper, an Integrated Lamarckian Learning and Whale Optimization Algorithm‐based NLOS Localization Technique (ILL‐WOA‐NLOS‐LT) is proposed for NLOS localization in order to improve high reliability and low latency during the emergency message sharing. This proposed ILL‐WOA‐NLOS scheme inherits an optimization process that concentrates on the objective of minimizing latency during warning message delivery. It included the merits of Lamarckian evolution‐based learning strategy for strengthening and speeding up the rate of local search. It possesses maximum probability of acquiring higher adaptability through active learning for improving the global convergence speed to attain better localization of NLOS nodes in emergency situations. It also incorporated a better tradeoff between exploitation and exploration for effective NLOS localization with reduced error. The simulation experiments of the proposed ILL‐WOA‐NLOS scheme conducted through EstiNet 8.1 confirmed its predominance in achieving an excellent mean emergency message dissemination rate of 12.96% mean NLOS node localization rate of 14.21% and the mean neighborhood awareness rate of 13.62% with different number of vehicular nodes, compared to the benchmarked localization approaches considered for investigation. The localization error of the proposed ILL‐WOA‐NLOS scheme was also identified to be significantly reduced by 12.82% compared to the baseline schemes used for investigation.
“…In this phase of exploitation, the method of bubble‐net attacking strategy is employed for effectively determining the position of the NLOS nodes 27 . This method of bubble‐net attacking strategy incorporates the mechanism of shrinking encircling and spiral updating position as detailed below.…”
Section: The Proposed Ill‐woa‐nlos‐lt Schemementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, it may not represent the complete direction and level of evolution. Moreover, solving high dimensional optimization problem like the NLOS nodes' localization problem with multiple number of local optimum solutions is even more complex 27 . If the current best solution determined by a search agent is a local optimum solution, then the probability of the search agents to fall into the local optimum solution during the process of exploration is high.…”
Section: The Proposed Ill‐woa‐nlos‐lt Schemementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The search agents start the process of iterative optimization from the individual solutions that are randomly initialized. 27 The convergence of the localization algorithm can be accelerated and its performance can be significantly improved to a considerable level, when the optimal solutions are closely situated with respect to some of the individual search agents. Further, this good point set theory has confirmed that the weighted sum of error related to m good points is comparatively less than that of the sum of estimated error determined for the any m other points during the application of approximate computation functions implemented in the r-dimensional Euclidean space unit cube.…”
Section: Good Point Set Theory-based Population Initializationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, solving high dimensional optimization problem like the NLOS nodes' localization problem with multiple number of local optimum solutions is even more complex. 27 If the current best solution determined by a search agent is a local optimum solution, then the probability of the search agents to fall into the local optimum solution during the process of exploration is high. This limitation mainly occurs, since the position updating process of the remaining search agents completely concentrates on the current estimated local optimum point.…”
Section: The Need For Integrating Lamarckian Learning With Whale Opti...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The search agents start the process of iterative optimization from the individual solutions that are randomly initialized 27 . The convergence of the localization algorithm can be accelerated and its performance can be significantly improved to a considerable level, when the optimal solutions are closely situated with respect to some of the individual search agents.…”
Section: The Proposed Ill‐woa‐nlos‐lt Schemementioning
Summary
Non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) nodes in vehicular ad‐hoc networks (VANETs) are responsible for introducing channel congestion and broadcast storm during data dissemination for sustaining reliable connectivity between vehicular nodes. In this paper, an Integrated Lamarckian Learning and Whale Optimization Algorithm‐based NLOS Localization Technique (ILL‐WOA‐NLOS‐LT) is proposed for NLOS localization in order to improve high reliability and low latency during the emergency message sharing. This proposed ILL‐WOA‐NLOS scheme inherits an optimization process that concentrates on the objective of minimizing latency during warning message delivery. It included the merits of Lamarckian evolution‐based learning strategy for strengthening and speeding up the rate of local search. It possesses maximum probability of acquiring higher adaptability through active learning for improving the global convergence speed to attain better localization of NLOS nodes in emergency situations. It also incorporated a better tradeoff between exploitation and exploration for effective NLOS localization with reduced error. The simulation experiments of the proposed ILL‐WOA‐NLOS scheme conducted through EstiNet 8.1 confirmed its predominance in achieving an excellent mean emergency message dissemination rate of 12.96% mean NLOS node localization rate of 14.21% and the mean neighborhood awareness rate of 13.62% with different number of vehicular nodes, compared to the benchmarked localization approaches considered for investigation. The localization error of the proposed ILL‐WOA‐NLOS scheme was also identified to be significantly reduced by 12.82% compared to the baseline schemes used for investigation.
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