Metabolic analysis of support personnel in low-seam coal-mines

Physical limitations and musculoskeletal complaints associated with work in unusual or restricted postures: A literature review

“…However, other studies have illustrated that kneeling can be more economical when the task requires increased vertical load displacement (Freivalds & Bise, 1991;Gallagher, 1991). A study of shoveling tasks found no difference in energy expenditure in standing, stooping, and kneeling postures (Morrissey, Bethea, & Ayoub, 1983); however, only five subjects participated in this study and it may suffer from a lack of sufficient power to detect differences.…”