Metabolic assessments during extra-vehicular activity

Osipov, Yu. Yu.; Spichkov, A.N.; Filipenkov, S. N.

doi:10.1016/s0094-5765(98)00112-x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Furthermore, physical activity with moderate or high individual HR is combined with cognitive tasks when astronauts practice for EVA in the pool setting prior to conducting real missions in microgravity environments (Bolender, Stevenin, Bessone, & Torres, 2006). Although HR measurements during real EVA show both longer durations and varying means and peak values (Katuntsev, Osipov, Barer, Gnoevaya, & Tarasenkov, 2004; Osipov, Spichkov, & Filipenkov, 1998), the similarities between operating underwater and in space allow findings from underwater studies to partially be transferred to space applications. Therefore, future studies should aim to provide recommendations for the safe interaction of physical activity and cognitive performance in extreme environments, both in terms of impaired and enhanced cognitive abilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Exercise Intensity During Submersion Selectively Affects Executive Functions

Möller¹,

Hoffmann

Dalecki

et al. 2019

Hum Factors

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Objective: The intact cognitive processing capacity in highly demanding and dynamically changing situations (e.g., in extreme environmental conditions) is of central relevance for personal safety. This study therefore investigated whether underwater physical exercise (PE) affected cognitive performance by comparing these effects during underwater fin-swimming as opposed to inactivity under normal environmental conditions. Background: Although acute bouts of PE can modulate cognitive performance under highly controlled and standardized laboratory conditions, no previous study has determined whether PE acutely modulates cognitive performance in non-laboratory testing conditions involving extreme environments (e.g., underwater). Method: A total of 27 healthy volunteers (16 males and 11 females; 28.9 ± 7.4 years of age) participated in two experiments involving either moderate or high PE intensity. A PRE/POST crossover design was employed among participants while performing cognitive tests in a counterbalanced order (i.e., before and after 20 min of PE in submersion [WET] and once before and after inactivity [DRY] while in the laboratory). Cognitive performance was measured as a combination of executive functions through the Eriksen Flanker (inhibition) and Two-Back (working memory) Tasks using an underwater tablet computer. Results: ANOVAs revealed enhanced reaction times only in the Flanker test after moderate PE for the WET condition. No other effects were detected. Conclusion: These findings indicate that cognitive performance is exercise-intensity-dependent with enhanced effects during moderate PE, even in extreme environments (i.e., underwater). Application: These results should be relevant in recreational and occupational contexts involving underwater activity and may also apply to microgravity (e.g., during extra-vehicular activities). Description This study compared the acute effects of physical exercise (PE) on cognitive performance in an underwater environment while participants fin-swam with SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) gear. Findings revealed that 20 min of moderate PE positively affected cognitive performance (i.e., inhibitory control ability). However, no changes were observed after high-intensity exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Exercise Intensity During Submersion Selectively Affects Executive Functions

Möller¹,

Hoffmann

Dalecki

et al. 2019

Hum Factors

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The main results of EVA medical support on the Mir Space Station

et al. 2004

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Cardiovascular function and basics of physiology in microgravity

Aubert¹,

Beckers²,

Verheyden³

2005

Acta Cardiologica

105

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Space exploration is a dream of mankind. However, this intriguing environment is not without risks. Life, and the human body, has developed all over evolution in the constant presence of gravity, especially from the moment on when living creatures left the ocean. When this gravitational force is no longer acting on the body, drastic changes occur. Some of these changes occur immediately, others progress only slowly. In the past 40 years of human space flight (first orbital flight by Yuri Gagarin on 12 April, 1961) several hazards for the human body have been identified. Bone mineral density is lost, muscle atrophy and cardiovascular deconditioning occur; pulmonary function, fluid regulating systems of the body, the sensory and the balance system are all disturbed by the lack of gravity. These changes in human physiology have to be reversed again when astronauts return to earth. This can cause adaptation problems, especially after long-duration space flights. Also the reaction of human physiology to radiation in space poses a huge risk at this moment. In this review the accent will be on cardiovascular function in space: how normal function is modified to reach a new equilibrium in space after short- and long-duration exposure to microgravity. In order to make long-duration space flight possible the mechanisms of this physiological adaptation must be understood to full extent. Only with this knowledge, effective countermeasures can be developed.

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Metabolic assessments during extra-vehicular activity

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Physical Exercise Intensity During Submersion Selectively Affects Executive Functions

Physical Exercise Intensity During Submersion Selectively Affects Executive Functions

The main results of EVA medical support on the Mir Space Station

Cardiovascular function and basics of physiology in microgravity

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