Metabolic consequences of chronic sublethal ammonia exposure at cellular and subcellular levels in Nile tilapia brain

Hegazi, Mona M.; Attia, Zeinab I.; Hegazi, Mohamed A. M.; Hasanein, Soha S.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.11.020

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…With the addition of α‐KG—a precursor of glutamic acid and glutamine—the depletion in the brain glutamic acid content caused by HEA was alleviated. This implied that dietary α‐KG could promote the synthesis of glutamic acid and that glutamic acid could be used to detoxify ammonia, which was in accordance with the decreased ammonia content observed in the HEA + α‐KG group (Wee et al, ; Wright et al, ; Hegazi et al, ). On the seventh and 42nd days, the significant differences in ammonia content in the brain and plasma disappeared, which may indicate that grass carp have adapted the chronic HEA exposure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…This suggests that the strategy which detoxified ammonia to glutamine was initiated in the HEA group. In many teleosts, increased glutamine content was always accompanied by decreased glutamic acid content due to the glutamine being formed from glutamate and NH 4 + (Anderson et al, ; Hegazi, Attia, Hegazi, & Hasanein, ; Veauvy et al, ; Wicks & Randall, ). This kind of decrease in glutamic acid in the brain was also observed in the present study (Figure c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary α‐Ketoglutarate supplementation alleviates harmful effects of high environmental ammonia on grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

Tang

Fu²,

Zhao

et al. 2019

Aquac Res

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Current intensive fish farming usually causes high environmental ammonia (HEA) in ponds that is toxic to fish. α‐Ketoglutarate (α‐KG) can be rapidly transaminated to glutamic acid and further aminated to glutamine. Therefore, we hypothesized that dietary α‐KG supplementation would alleviate HEA toxicity to fish. To test the hypothesis, 270 healthy grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) juveniles were randomly assigned to control, HEA (18.37 mg/L ammonia) and HEA + α‐KG (0.75% of α‐KG) groups. Ammonia and free amino acid content in plasma and brain, liver glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity, and urea and glycogen content were measured on the first, seventh and 42nd days. Our results showed short‐term HEA exposure (1 day) led to a significant ammonia accumulation in the brain and plasma and significantly decreased glutamic and aspartic acid content in the brain and increased glutamine content in the brain and plasma. The long‐term HEA exposure (42 days) caused significant reductions in glycine and arginine content in the brain tissue. In most cases, dietary α‐KG supplementation alleviated the fluctuations in FAA content in the brain and plasma. Our results suggested dietary α‐KG alleviated HEA toxicity to grass carp.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary α‐Ketoglutarate supplementation alleviates harmful effects of high environmental ammonia on grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

Tang

Fu²,

Zhao

et al. 2019

Aquac Res

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“…The animals could have utilized substantial amount of metabolizable energy in their response to the stressful condition. Others studies have reported that, Nile tilapia exposed to chronic ammonia, had reduced growth rate [50], gill hyperplasia [51,52], increased brain glutamine [53] and high ATPase levels [54]. According to Casillas et al [48], serum total protein, AST and ALT activities can give clue to liver damages in fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The change in glucose level in our study (Table 4), can be explain in the sense that, it is an important source of energy for maintaining homeostasis in GIFT strain tilapia. Other studies have shown that, water quality problems including high ammonia level, induced oxidative stress in: brain and gills of mudskipper; Boleophthalmus boddarti [62] and liver of Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus [53]. Other studies have shown that, water quality problems including high ammonia level, induced oxidative stress in: brain and gills of mudskipper; Boleophthalmus boddarti [62] and liver of Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus [53].…”

Section: Treatment Glu (Mmol/l) Cho (Mmol/l) Tg (Mmol/l) Tp (G/l)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stocking Densities and Chronic Zero Culture Water Exchange Stress Effects on Biological Performances, Hematological and Serum Biochemical Indices of GIFT Tilapia Juveniles (Oreochromis niloticus)

Kpundeh¹

2013

J Aquac Res Development

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Stocking densities and long term zero culture water exchange rate effects, on biological performances, hematological and serum biological indices of Genetically Improved Farm Tilapia (GIFT) strain cultured in tanks were investigated. The trial was divided into four groups with three replicates each, conducted under natural photoperiods for 30 days; data were analysed using one way ANOVA. Results showed that, high stocking densities and zero water exchange rate negatively affected the biological performances, hematological and serum biochemical indices of GIFT tilapia juveniles. Feeding efficiency, specifc growth and survival rates were significantly decreased. Hematoogical indices: red blood cells, white blood cells, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit and platelet decreased as stocking density increased. Indices of liver function (Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities) were significant increased. Serum glucose levels, an indicator of cortisol released in blood were increased as stocking density increased. Meanwhile, total protein, triglyceride, cholesterol, triiodothyroxine, thyroxine levels in the blood serum showed downward regulation under the same experimental conditions. This paper would provide useful scientific knowledge on biological performances and physiological responses of GIFT strain tilapia to stressors like high stocking density and zero water exchange. Research with different fish sizes and water exchange rates should be further conducted.

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“…As with other animals, both ALT and AST are key enzymes that allow the interconversion of amino acids and other intermediary metabolites in crustaceans and have been detected in the hepatopancreas, muscle and gill [26]. It is reported that ammonia exposure could increase the activities of ALT and AST in Nile tilapia brain [27]. In the present study, the increase of ALT and AST might suggest an increased utilization of amino acids that provides some important substrates allowing energy metabolism to meet the increasing energy demand that occurred during nitrite induced stress [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitrite exposure on metabolic response in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nipponense

et al. 2013

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The metabolic response of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense to nitrite toxicity was evaluated. The prawns were exposed to 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg L−1 NO2-N concentrations for 48 h. The metabolic parameters in muscle were measured after 12, 24 and 48 h. Glucose level significantly increased after 24 h. Exposure to lower nitrite concentrations (1 and 2 mg L−1) resulted in significant increases in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities after 24 and 48 h. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities treated with 2 and 3 mg L−1 nitrite-N at 48 h were significantly higher than those at 12 and 24 h. Intermediate sublethal nitrite concentrations produced significant elevations in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities from 12 h up to 48 h. No significant changes were detected in any of the groups for triglycerides and creatine kinase (CK). To satisfy the increased energy demands caused by acute nitrite exposure, mobilization of lipids is not the main reason while utilization of amino acids seems to play a more important role. The results would be helpful for aquaculture farmers to prevent a potential depression of productivity caused by elevated nitrite levels.

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Metabolic consequences of chronic sublethal ammonia exposure at cellular and subcellular levels in Nile tilapia brain

Cited by 39 publications

References 48 publications

Dietary α‐Ketoglutarate supplementation alleviates harmful effects of high environmental ammonia on grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

Dietary α‐Ketoglutarate supplementation alleviates harmful effects of high environmental ammonia on grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

Stocking Densities and Chronic Zero Culture Water Exchange Stress Effects on Biological Performances, Hematological and Serum Biochemical Indices of GIFT Tilapia Juveniles (Oreochromis niloticus)

Effect of nitrite exposure on metabolic response in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nipponense

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