Metabolic control of myofibers: promising therapeutic target for obesity and type 2 diabetes

Duan, Yehui; Li, Fengna; Tan, Bin; Yao, Kang; Yin, Yulong

doi:10.1111/obr.12530

Cited by 62 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…19,20 Moreover, the present study showed a positive correlation between the percentage of slow-twitch type I fibres and the BMI, which appears to be opposite to the literature. 22,23 Moreover, lipid profile was similar to controls, along with normal insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, heart rate, waist-to-hip ratio in normal range and a similar body distribution of fat mass, suggesting no specific cardiovascular risk situation still frequently associated with this muscle pattern. 22,23 Moreover, lipid profile was similar to controls, along with normal insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, heart rate, waist-to-hip ratio in normal range and a similar body distribution of fat mass, suggesting no specific cardiovascular risk situation still frequently associated with this muscle pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Reduced fibre size, capillary supply and mitochondrial activity in constitutional thinness' skeletal muscle

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Reduced fibre size, capillary supply and mitochondrial activity in constitutional thinness' skeletal muscle

et al. 2018

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“…The presence of diverse fiber types with distinct ranges of adaptability reflects muscle plasticity to various metabolic and functional demands (82, 83). In people with T2D there is an increased proportion of fast glycolytic fibers (type IIb) and a reduced proportion of slow oxidative fibers (type I) and is the reason people with T2D present with a diminished oxidative capacity (84).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Intensity Interval Training Is Equivalent to Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training for Short- and Medium-Term Outcomes of Glucose Control, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Microvascular Complication Markers in Men With Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2018

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We sought to determine the efficacy of 12 weeks high-intensity interval training (HIIT), compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on glucose control, cardiometabolic risk and microvascular complication markers in men living with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Both modalities were combined with resistance training (RT). Additionally, the study aimed to determine the medium-term durability of effects. After a 12-week, thrice weekly, training intervention incorporating either MICT+RT (n = 11) or HIIT+RT (n = 12), the study concluded with a 6-month follow-up analysis. The middle-aged study participants were obese, had moderate duration T2D and were taking multiple medications including insulin, statins and beta-blockers. Participants, randomized via the method of minimization, performed MICT (progressing to 26-min at 55% maximum estimated workload [eWLmax]) or HIIT (progressing to two variations in which twelve 1-min bouts at 95% eWLmax interspersed with 1-min recovery bouts, alternated with eight 30-s bouts at 120% eWLmax interspersed with 2:15 min recovery bouts) under supervision at an exercise physiology facility. To account for fixed and random effects within the study sample, mixed-effect models were used to determine the significance of change following the intervention and follow-up phases and to evaluate group*time interactions. Beyond improvements in aerobic capacity (P < 0.001) for both groups, both training modalities elicited similar group*time interactions (P > 0.05) while experiencing benefits for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; P = 0.01), subcutaneous adiposity (P < 0.001), and heart rate variability (P = 0.02) during the 12-week intervention. Adiposity (P < 0.001) and aerobic capacity (P < 0.001) were significantly maintained in both groups at the 6-month follow-up. In addition, during the intervention, participants in both MICT+RT and HIIT+RT experienced favorable reductions in their medication usage. The study reported the inter-individual variability of change within both groups, the exaggerated acute physiological responses (using exercise termination indicators) that occurred during the interventions as well as the incidence of precautionary respite afforded in such a study sample. To reduce hyperglycaemia, and prevent further deterioration of cardiometabolic risk and microvascular complication markers (in both the short- and medium-term), future strategies that integrate the adoption and maintenance of physical activity as a cornerstone in the treatment of T2M for men should (cognisant of appropriate supervision) include either structured MICT+RT, or HIIT+RT.Clinical Trials Registration Number: ACTRN12617000582358 http://www.anzctr.org.au/default.aspx

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“…In normal skeletal muscle, consistent muscle mass is achieved by a balance between the protein synthesis and degradation rates . Recently, MRFs and IGF‐I were described as major anabolic regulators of skeletal muscle .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term insulin treatment leads to a change in myosin heavy chain fiber distribution in OLETF rat skeletal muscle

Hong

Choi

Kwon

et al. 2018

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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The objective of this study was to investigate molecular and physiological changes in response to long-term insulin glargine treatment in the skeletal muscle of OLETF rats. Male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) and Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats aged 24 weeks were randomly allocated to either treatment with insulin for 24 weeks or no treatment, resulting in three groups. Insulin glargine treatment in OLETF rats (OLETF-G) for 24 weeks resulted in changes in blood glucose levels in intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests compared with age-matched, untreated OLETF rats (OLETF-C), and the area under the curve was significantly decreased for OLETF-G rats compared with OLETF-C rats (P < 0.05). The protein levels of MHC isoforms were altered in gastrocnemius muscle of OLETF rats, and the proportions of myosin heavy chain type I and II fibers were lower and higher, respectively, in OLETF-G compared with OLETF-C rats. Activation of myokines (IL-6, IL-15, FNDC5, and myostatin) in gastrocnemius muscle was significantly inhibited in OLETF-G compared with OLETF-C rats ( P < 0.05). MyoD and myogenin levels were decreased, while IGF-I and GLUT4 levels were increased, in the skeletal muscle of OLETF-G rats ( P < 0.05). Insulin glargine treatment significantly increased the phosphorylation levels of AMPK, SIRT1, and PGC-1α. Together, our results suggested that changes in the distribution of fiber types by insulin glargine could result in downregulation of myokines and muscle regulatory proteins. The effects were likely associated with activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. Changes in these proteins may at least partly explain the effect of insulin in skeletal muscle of diabetes mellitus.

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Metabolic control of myofibers: promising therapeutic target for obesity and type 2 diabetes

Cited by 62 publications

References 89 publications

Reduced fibre size, capillary supply and mitochondrial activity in constitutional thinness' skeletal muscle

Reduced fibre size, capillary supply and mitochondrial activity in constitutional thinness' skeletal muscle

High-Intensity Interval Training Is Equivalent to Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training for Short- and Medium-Term Outcomes of Glucose Control, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Microvascular Complication Markers in Men With Type 2 Diabetes

Long‐term insulin treatment leads to a change in myosin heavy chain fiber distribution in OLETF rat skeletal muscle

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