Metabolic Effects of Arylsulfonylurea Compounds in Normal Subjects and in Diabetic Patients

Sulfonylurea Drugs: Mechanism of Antidiabetic Action and Therapeutic Usefulness

“…50 Acute administration of sulfonylureas to normal individuals or patients with diabetes is associated with a decrease in fasting blood glucose, no change in glucose tolerance, and no enhancement of the sensitivity to exogenously administered insulin. 63 " 65 The effect of sulfonylureas on insulin sensitivity in normal and diabetic animals has been controversial. Fritz et al found that carbutamide had no effect on the blood glucose response to exogenously administered insulin (0.02 U. to 0.2 U./kg.)…”

Metabolic Effects of Phenethylbiguanide in Normal Subjects and in Diabetic Patients

“…Glucose tolerance tests, intravenous insulin tolerance tests and glucagon tests were carried out as previously reported. 8 Intravenous pyruvate tolerance tests* were performed by administering 10 gm. of sodium pyruvate as a 10 per cent solution over four minutes.…”

“…8 Venous blood samples for pyruvate 9 and lactate 10 were collected without veno-occlusion after the subjects had been recumbent for at least onehalf hour. Glucose tolerance tests, intravenous insulin tolerance tests and glucagon tests were carried out as previously reported.…”

Effect of Tolbutamide on Postnatal Neogenesis of the Islet of Langerhans in Mouse

“…8 " 11 Beta cell degranulation occurs quickly after tolbutamide administration, 12 -13 with diminished insulin content of the pancreas 14 and increased levels of insulin in the general circulation within minutes after intravenous injection, corresponding to the decrease in blood sugar level. 15 ' 10 A rapid reaccumulation of B granules and increase in the insulin content of the pancreas takes place after twenty-four hours. 13 Several investigators have reported evidence of islet cell hyperplasia, 17 " 19 neogenesis of islets, 19 increased islet weight 20 -21 and occasional mitoses in treated animals.…”