Metabolic effects of milk protein intake strongly depend on pre-existing metabolic and exercise status

Melnik, Bodo C.; Schmitz, Gerd; John, Swen Malte; Carrera-Bastos, Pedro; Lindeberg, Staffan; Cordain, Loren

doi:10.1186/1743-7075-10-60

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Additionally, no exclusions of subjects were reported because of adverse effects. Such data corroborate the recent perspective of Melnik et al [36] that the metabolic effects of milk protein intake (including the adverse effects) have to be regarded in the context of the individual's pre-existing metabolic (obesity, insulin resistance) and exercise status (sedentary life style).…”

Section: Milk and Sports Performance Acute Effects On Resistance Exersupporting

confidence: 89%

Milk And Resistance Exercise: What Are The Real Factors That Can Limit The Intake?

Nicastro¹

2016

JNHFS

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Sports nutrition is a dynamic area that generates new concepts and data every day. The reason for this is the potential that nutrients have to improve performance through energy provision, recovery, attenuation of muscle damage and pain, prevent the occurrence of injuries, etc. All of these aspects are related to skeletal muscle metabolism. Some foods can provide specific nutrients in the correct form and amount in order to contribute to muscle metabolism requirements. In this concept, milk represents an interesting food that has demonstrated positive and significant results in muscle mass and strength when associated with resistance exercise in humans. In contrast, there are some discussions about milk intake that go against the well-documented effects relatedto sports science. The arguments used in such discussions mainly include: digestibility, intolerance, allergenic potential, and aspects related to its composition. Thus, can milk be considered an ergogenic food or a risk in improvements of skeletal muscle metabolism?

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Section: Milk and Sports Performance Acute Effects On Resistance Exersupporting

confidence: 89%

Milk And Resistance Exercise: What Are The Real Factors That Can Limit The Intake?

Nicastro¹

2016

JNHFS

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“…Since BCAA ingestion has been shown to replicate the effect of a complete mixture of amino-acids in the stimulation of protein synthesis [37], it would seem rational that BCAA supplementation, following resistance training, would yield similar benefits to those listed above. Indeed, BCAA supplementation, alongside exercise, has been shown to stimulate mTOR and p70-S6 kinase, both of which are key regulators in cell growth, transcription and protein synthesis [38,39]. Moreover, contemporary research has revealed that under inflammatory conditions, such as those experienced after intense exercise, BCAA can be transaminated to glutamine, a substrate highly consumed by inflammatory cells and linked to attenuation of strength decrements and DOMS following resistance exercise [31,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Acute Effects Different Quantities of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have On Recovery of Muscle Function

Dorrell¹,

Gee²

2016

Sports Nutr Ther

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the acute effects of two different quantities of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) on the recovery of muscle function following high-intensity resistance training in trained individuals. Five resistance-trained males were recruited and performed baseline assessments of, countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ), peak (PP) and mean (MP) power (6s Cycle Sprint) and perceived muscle soreness (RMS). In a counterbalanced, single-blind fashion, participants were provided with either, placebo or 6 g or 18 g BCAA 20 min prior to, and immediately after completion of a high-intensity strength session (ST). At 24 h post ST, all assessments were completed under all three experimental conditions. Following ST, there were significant decrements in all measures of muscle function across conditions when compared to baseline values (P<0.05). However, ingestion of 6 g and 18 g BCAA was shown to significantly attenuate these decrements in comparison to placebo (P<0.05). A dose-response for BCAA was also present as significant differences (P<0.05) were shown between ingestion of 6 g and 18 g; CMJ (18 g: 59

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“…Studies indicate that there is dissociation between the glycemic response and insulinemic response in some carbohydrate foods [ 4 , 18 , 19 ]; this dissociation may be even greater in insulin resistant populations [ 20 ]. Starches, dairy foods and those with added sugars have shown to have an increased insulin response compared to non-starchy vegetables and fruit [ 21 – 27 ]. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether removing starches and dairy for 8 weeks because of their insulinemic properties would result in weight loss, increased insulin sensitivity, and reduced testosterone in adult women with PCOS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Starch/Low Dairy Diet Results in Successful Treatment of Obesity and Co- Morbidities Linked to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Phy

Pohlmeier

Cooper

et al. 2015

J Obes Weight Loss Ther

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Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 15% of reproductive-age women and increases risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cancer and infertility. Hyperinsulinemia is believed to contribute to or worsen all of these conditions, and increases androgens in women with PCOS. Carbohydrates are the main stimulators of insulin release, but research shows that dairy products and starches elicit greater postprandial insulin secretion than non-starchy vegetables and fruits. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an 8-week low-starch/low-dairy diet results in weight loss, increased insulin sensitivity, and reduced testosterone in women with PCOS. Methods Prospective 8-week dietary intervention using an ad libitum low starch/low dairy diet in 24 overweight and obese women (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and ≤ 45 kg/m2) with PCOS. Diagnosis of PCOS was based on the Rotterdam criteria. Weight, BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), fasting and 2-hour glucose and insulin, homeostasis model assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), HbA1c, total and free testosterone, and Ferriman-Gallwey scores were measured before and after the 8-week intervention. Results There was a reduction in weight (−8.61 ± 2.34 kg, p<0.001), BMI (−3.25 ± 0.88 kg/m2, p<0.001), WC (−8.4 ± 3.1 cm, p<0.001), WHtR (−0.05 ± 0.02 inches, p<0.001), fasting insulin (−17.0 ± 13.6 μg/mL, p<0.001) and 2-hour insulin (−82.8 ± 177.7 μg/mL, p=0.03), and HOMA-IR (−1.9 ± 1.2, p<0.001) after diet intervention. Total testosterone (−10.0 ± 17.0 ng/dL, p=0.008), free testosterone (−1.8 pg/dL, p=0.043) and Ferriman-Gallwey scores (−2.1 ± 2.7 points (p=0.001) were also reduced from pre- to post-intervention. Conclusion An 8-week low-starch/low-dairy diet resulted in weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity and reduced testosterone in women with PCOS.

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Metabolic effects of milk protein intake strongly depend on pre-existing metabolic and exercise status

Cited by 14 publications

References 84 publications

Milk And Resistance Exercise: What Are The Real Factors That Can Limit The Intake?

Milk And Resistance Exercise: What Are The Real Factors That Can Limit The Intake?

The Acute Effects Different Quantities of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have On Recovery of Muscle Function

Low Starch/Low Dairy Diet Results in Successful Treatment of Obesity and Co- Morbidities Linked to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

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