Metabolic Effects of Xylitol Infusion During Ether Anesthesia in Man

Aono, K; Morita, Hikaru; Goto, Eiko

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-46105-7_8

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…It has been known that glucose utilization is severely disturbed in some situations such as diabetes, surgical interventions, anesthesia and severe starvation (Halmagyi and Israng 1968; Schultis and Geser 1968), whereas some recent studies suggest that xylitol metabolism is not affected by these morbid conditions (Aono et al 1968; Uekusa et al 1969 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Xylitol on Nitrogen, Water and Electrolyte Metabolism in Fasted Rabbits

Igarashi

Kobayashi

Shoji

et al. 1973

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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(2) 147-155 -The effects of xylitol and glucose infused upon nitrogen, water and electrolyte metabolism were comparatively studied in rabbits. During 10 days' fasting, a daily dosis of 40 ml /kg of the following solutions was infused for 4 hours. The animals, which were infused with a multiple balanced electrolyte solution, lost 36% of body weight during the fasting, accompanied by net losses of 8 g nitrogen, 160 ml water (exclud ing insensible water loss), 9 mEq sodium, 28 mEq potassium, 2.5 mEq magnesium and 0.2 mEq calcium per kg body weight. The animals were emaciated at the terminal stage and two of six animals died. The animals infused with a 5% glucose solution with balanced electrolyte composition lost 30% of body weight and one of six animals died. The urinary excretions of nitrogen, sodium and calcium in these animals were significantly less than those in animals receiving the electrolyte solution without carbohydrate. More pronounced sparing effects for nitrogen, water, sodium and potassium were found with a 5% xylitol solution with balanced electrolyte composition, while the losses of magnesium and calcium were rather promoted. The decrease of body weight in this group was 24% and none of six animals died. The similar results were also obtained by the infusion of other xylitol solutions with or without electrolyte composition. The sparing effects of glucose were manifested exclusively at the early stage of the fasting, whereas those of xylitol were more pronounced at the late stage when the starvation progressed.Fasting; nitrogen balance; water and electrolyte balances; xylitol When the oral intake of water and nutrients is infeasible, the living body complies with energy requirements through the consumption of glycogen and fat reservoir and ultimately through the combustion of body protein. The infusion of carbohydrate solution in such a circumstance reduces the urinary excretion of nitrogen. This has been called the protein sparing effect of carbohydrate. It is also known that the administration of carbohydrate results in a significant reduc tion in the rate of water and sodium excretion. This sodium sparing effect cannot be expected from the administration of protein or fat. Gamble (1954) described that the sodium sparing by glucose provides valuable physiological benefit by reducing the loss of extracellular fluid in a state of fasting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%