Metabolic Engineering for Stress Tolerance

Rathinasabapathi, Bala; Kaur, Ramandeep

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4225-6_9

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 299 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…Osmoprotectants are compatible solutes usually derived from amino acids and sugars. Amino acid proline; the quaternary ammonium compounds glycine betaine, proline betaine, and b-alanine betaine; sugar alcohols mannitol, sorbitol, and trehalose; and raffinose family oligosaccharides have been identified as osmoprotectants in plants [49]. Accumulation of osmoprotectants could have multiple benefits for the plant including osmotic adjustment, turgor maintenance, and protection of proteins, DNA, and membranes from damage by stress [50].…”

Section: Pathways For Osmoprotectant Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Genomics of Drought Tolerance in Crops: Engineering Transcriptional Regulators and Pathways

Rathinasabapathi

2012

Improving Crop Resistance to Abiotic Stress

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Drought stress is a major limitation for crop productivity worldwide, especially in irrigated agriculture. One solution to this problem is the use of cultivars that are tolerant to drought. However, conventional breeding to improve drought tolerance has proven difficult because drought and dehydration tolerance in plants are not fully understood. As a result of research during the past two decades, networks of genes participating in plant adaptations to drought stress have been identified. In this chapter, I present this research progress and indicate the use of specific genes to engineer crops for improved drought tolerance.

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Section: Pathways For Osmoprotectant Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Genomics of Drought Tolerance in Crops: Engineering Transcriptional Regulators and Pathways

Rathinasabapathi

2012

Improving Crop Resistance to Abiotic Stress

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Modulation of antioxidant machinery in α-tocopherol-enriched transgenic Brassica juncea plants tolerant to abiotic stress conditions

et al. 2013

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The antioxidant machinery in plants consists of several components with unique or overlapping functions that combat the deleterious production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by stress conditions. Tocopherols are a group of powerful antioxidants having additional roles in signaling and gene expression, with α-tocopherol being the most potent form. In the present study, we used wild-type (WT) and α-tocopherol-enriched transgenic (TR) Brassica juncea plants grown under salt, heavy metal, and osmotic stress to compare their relative tolerance to these stresses and to assess the effects of increased α-tocopherol content on the other antioxidative enzymes and molecules. The oxidative damage caused by induced stress was lower in TR plants compared to WT plants as assessed by their higher relative water content and lower electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde content as well as H(2)O(2) accumulation. Lesser superoxide and H(2)O(2) accumulation was also observed by histochemical staining in TR seedlings exposed to stress. Though no significant differences were evident under normal growth conditions, TR plants showed higher activities and transcript levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase than WT plants under similar stress conditions. A decrease in ascorbate and glutathione content with marginally higher reductive ratios of these compounds was also observed in TR plants under the stress conditions. Our findings implicate the role of higher α-tocopherol levels in conferring better tolerance against salt, heavy metal, and osmotic stresses and also establish the existence of interplay between this lipid-soluble antioxidant and other water-soluble components of plant antioxidant defense.

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Reinduction of Desiccation Tolerance in Germinated Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Seeds

Fernandes¹,

Faria²,

Hilhorst³

et al. 2023

Tropical Plant Biol.

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Metabolic Engineering for Stress Tolerance

Cited by 4 publications

References 299 publications

Functional Genomics of Drought Tolerance in Crops: Engineering Transcriptional Regulators and Pathways

Functional Genomics of Drought Tolerance in Crops: Engineering Transcriptional Regulators and Pathways

Modulation of antioxidant machinery in α-tocopherol-enriched transgenic Brassica juncea plants tolerant to abiotic stress conditions

Reinduction of Desiccation Tolerance in Germinated Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Seeds

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