Metabolic syndrome: An emerging public health problem in Iranian Women: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program

Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Kelishadi, Roya; Baghaei, Abdulmehdi; Sadri, Gholam Hussein; Malekafzali, Hossein; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Rabiei, Katayoun; Bahonar, Ahmad; Sadeghi, Masoumeh; O'Laughlin, Jenniffer

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.10.049

Cited by 76 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The prevalence of the MetS in Iranian populations has already been reported . While the MetS has been more commonly reported in the elderly (Sarrafzadegan, 2008), we documented the MetS in men and women of relatively lower mean age (men: 38.796±14.57 years, women: 38.99±15.29 years). Of the participants, 86.4, 89.8 and 75.8% had abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C levels, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Sex based pharmacological treatment in patients with metabolic syndrome: Findings from the Isfahan healthy heart program

Gharipour

Kelishadi²,

Toghianifar³

et al. 2011

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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Pharmacological therapy is a critical step in the management of individuals with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) when lifestyle modifications cannot achieve the therapeutic goals. However, it has been well-documented that there is no single best therapy other than weight loss, and that treatment should be targeted at individual components of the MetS. The objective of this study was to investigate the treatment of individual components of the MetS in a population-based sample of individuals with clustering MetS components. In a cross-sectional population-based survey, we studied a randomly collected sample of men and women who had participated in the baseline survey of a community-based program in three Central Iranian counties in 2000 to 2001. Demographic data, medical status, and drug history were obtained by questionnaire. We evaluated the association between clustering of the MetS components and pharmacological treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. The most common pharmacologic agents prescribed for individuals with the MetS were beta-blockers (72.8%), followed by lipid-lowering agents (36%) with no significant gender difference. A high level of compliance with drug treatment was noted. Further research is warranted to understand the compliance behavior of patients with the MetS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Sex based pharmacological treatment in patients with metabolic syndrome: Findings from the Isfahan healthy heart program

Gharipour

Kelishadi²,

Toghianifar³

et al. 2011

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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“…The corresponding prevalence for the same area in this study was 12% and 71.7% (28). ATPIII criteria were set based on USA population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Appropriate Cut-off Values of Waist Circumference to Predict Cardiovascular Outcomes: 7-year Follow-up in an Iranian Population

et al. 2012

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Objective Due to the lack of compelling evidence for waist circumference (WC) as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor in many ethnic groups, the need for local research has been expressed by international authorities. This study was undertaken to determine the optimal cut-off points of WC for predicting incident CVD and metabolic syndrome in an Iranian population. Materials and Methods A total of 6,504 participants from three areas in central Iran were followed over 7 years. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) were used to identify the maximum value of sensitivity and specificity combinations corresponding to the appropriate cut-off points of WC for the detection of the metabolic syndrome and CVD events. The optimal cut-off values were defined as the point at which the value of "sensitivity+specificity-1" reached the maximum value. Finally, Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to determine which cut-off point was better fit in the CVD risk prediction model. Results After 394,418 person-years of follow-up, 427 incident primary CVD events (233 men) were identified. Considering CVD, the optimum cut-off points were 99/103.5 cm (men/women) but these had a low sensitivity (AUC: 0.59, 95%CI 0.55-0.63 in both men and women). The second highest values for discriminating CVD were 93/97 cm that resulted in acceptable sensitivity. Regarding the metabolic syndrome, 92.6/97.8 cm were identified as optimum (AUC: 0.67, 95%CI 0.65-0.69 in men and 0.65, 95%CI 0.63-0.67 in women). The best cut-off values that fit in the Cox regression model were 90/97 cm. Conclusion International recommended WC cut-off values for the Middle East are not appropriate compared to the locally defined cut-off values in Iran.

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“…5 As one of these countries, Iran has experienced both a rapid epidemiologic transition and change in the health and disease profile from predominantly infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases. 6 Several cross-sectional studies have documented alarming prevalence rates of CVDs and their risk factors among the Iranian population, [7][8][9][10][11][12] but there is very limited data from longitudinal studies and those are limited to a metropolitan area of the capital city. 13 The Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS) is the first study of its kind, not only in Iran, but also in the Eastern Mediterranean region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Isfahan cohort study: Rationale, methods and main findings

et al. 2010

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A 10-year longitudinal population-based study, entitled the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS) is being conducted. The ICS commenced in 2001, recruiting individuals aged 35 þ living in urban and rural areas of three counties in central Iran, to determine the individual and combined impact of various risk factors on the incidence of cardiovascular events. After 24379 person-years of follow-up with a median follow-up of 4.8 years, we documented 219 incident cases of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (125 in men and 94 in women) and 57 incident cases of stroke (28 in men and 29 in women). The absolute risk of IHD was 8.9 (7.8-10.2) per 1000 person-years for all participants, 10.6 (8.8-12.5) per 1000 person-years for men and 7.4 (6.0-9.0) per 1000 person-years for women. The respective risk of ischemic stroke was 2.3 (1.7-3.0), 2.3 (1.6-3.3) and 2.3 (1.5-3.2) per 1000 person-years. The risk of IHD was approximately 3.5-fold higher in the presence of hypertension, followed by diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia with near 2.5-and twofold higher risk, respectively. This cohort provides confirmatory evidence of the ethnic differences in the magnitude of the impact of various risk factors on cardiovascular events. The differences may be due to varying absolute risk levels among populations and the existing ethnic disparities for using western risk equations to local requirements.

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Metabolic syndrome: An emerging public health problem in Iranian Women: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program

Cited by 76 publications

References 27 publications

Sex based pharmacological treatment in patients with metabolic syndrome: Findings from the Isfahan healthy heart program

Sex based pharmacological treatment in patients with metabolic syndrome: Findings from the Isfahan healthy heart program

Appropriate Cut-off Values of Waist Circumference to Predict Cardiovascular Outcomes: 7-year Follow-up in an Iranian Population

The Isfahan cohort study: Rationale, methods and main findings

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