Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Patients With Binge-Eating Disorder in Primary Care Clinics

Barnes, Rachel D.; Boeka, Abbe Gayle; McKenzie, Katherine C.; Genao, Inginia; Garcia, Rina L.; Ellman, Matthew; Ellis, Peter; Masheb, Robin M.; Grilo, Carlos M.

doi:10.4088/pcc.10m01050

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A large percentage of individuals with BED (>40%) meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome 69,70. Consistent with this finding, in a 5-year longitudinal study, individuals with BED who were obese were found to be at increased risk for developing components of metabolic syndrome compared with individuals without BED who were BMI-matched to those with BED 74.…”

Section: Evidence Base For Factors Not Included As Diagnostic Criteriasupporting

confidence: 54%

Characteristics of binge eating disorder in relation to diagnostic criteria

Wilfley¹,

Citrome²,

Herman³

2016

NDT

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The objective of this review was to examine the evidentiary basis for binge eating disorder (BED) with reference to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for BED. A PubMed search restricted to titles and abstracts of English-language reviews, meta-analyses, clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, journal articles, and letters using human participants was conducted on August 7, 2015, using keywords that included “binge eating disorder,” DSM-5, DSM-IV, guilt, shame, embarrassment, quantity, psychological, behavior, and “shape and weight concerns.” Of the 257 retrieved publications, 60 publications were considered relevant to discussions related to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and were included in the current review, and 20 additional references were also included on the basis of the authors’ knowledge and/or on a review of the reference lists from relevant articles obtained through the literature search. Evidence supports the duration/frequency criterion for BED and the primary importance of loss of control and marked distress in identifying individuals with BED. Although overvaluation of shape/weight is not a diagnostic criterion, its relationship to the severity of BED psychopathology may identify a unique subset of individuals with BED. Additionally, individuals with BED often exhibit a clinical profile consisting of psychiatric (eg, mood, obsessive–compulsive, and impulsive disorders) and medical (eg, gastrointestinal symptoms, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes) comorbidities and behavioral profiles (eg, overconsumption of calories outside of a binge eating episode and emotional eating). Future revisions of the BED diagnostic criteria should consider the inclusion of BED subtypes, perhaps based on the overvaluation of shape/weight, and an evidence-based reassessment of severity criteria.

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Section: Evidence Base For Factors Not Included As Diagnostic Criteriasupporting

confidence: 54%

Characteristics of binge eating disorder in relation to diagnostic criteria

Wilfley¹,

Citrome²,

Herman³

2016

NDT

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“…Premenopausal women were also less likely to show clinically elevated glucose level. Thus, obese men with BED may be at increased risk for MetS, which is consistent with our previous studies with treatment-seeking individuals with BED (Barnes, et al, 2011; Roehrig, et al, 2009). In our study, women overall reported significantly earlier onset of dieting than men.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Interestingly, in obese individuals with BED, the rate of MetS has been found higher in men than women (Barnes, et al, 2011; Roehrig, et al, 2009). Yet, age-matched sex comparison of the risk for MetS has not been investigated in this population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menopause and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals with binge eating disorder

et al. 2014

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Menopausal transition has been associated with emergence of metabolic abnormalities, which may increase risk for chronic medical conditions in women. This study compared metabolic function between premenopausal women (n = 152), postmenopausal women (n = 88), and men (n = 98) recruited for treatment studies for obesity co-occurring with binge eating disorder (BED), a high risk population for developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). Postmenopausal women were more likely than premenopausal women to show elevated total cholesterol (OR = 2.75; 95% CI = 1.56–4.80) and poor glycemic control (OR = 2.92; 95% CI = 1.32–6.33), but were more likely to have lower HDL levels (OR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.19–0.68). These became non-significant after adjusting for age. Both pre- and postmenopausal women were less likely than age-matched men to show elevated levels of triglycerides (OR = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.13–0.53 [postmenopausal], OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.16–0.53 [premenopausal]), blood pressure (OR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.25–0.91 [postmenopausal], OR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.23–0.69 [premenopausal]), and less likely to have MetS (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.21–0.78 [postmenopausal], OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.27–0.79 [premenopausal]). Premenopausal women were also less likely to have elevated fasting glucose level (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.26–0.97) than age-matched men. Among obese women with BED, aging may have a more profound impact on metabolic abnormalities than menopause, suggesting the importance of early intervention of obesity and symptoms of BED. Active monitoring of metabolic function in obese men with BED may also be critical.

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“…Metabolic syndrome was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and updated in 2005 by the American Heart Association and the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (See Table 1) (Grundy et al, 2005; National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel, 2002). Participants’ medication use was not assessed at post-treatment so diagnosis was based solely on objective measurements, consistent with some previous BED and metabolic syndrome literature (Barnes et al, 2011; Blomquist et al, 2012). Based on these criteria, 35.1% ( n =26) met criteria for metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: 1 Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In fact, a longitudinal study reported individuals who reported binge eating were at greater risk for newly diagnosed metabolic syndrome symptoms, compared with non-binge eaters (Hudson et al, 2010). Consequently, individuals with BED and excess weight have been underscored as a significant subgroup with increased risk for developing metabolic syndrome (Abraham, Massaro, Hoffmann, Yanovski, & Fox, 2014; Barnes et al, 2011; Blomquist et al, 2012; Hudson, Hiripi, Pope, & Kessler, 2007; Mitchell, 2015; Sheehan & Herman, 2015; Udo, McKee, White, Masheb, Barnes, & Grilo, 2014a; Udo, McKee, White, Masheb, Barnes, & Grilo, 2014b). It is critical, therefore, to examine these individuals, with excess weight, metabolic syndrome, and binge eating disorder, as they may be at extreme risk for harmful health-related consequences.…”

Section: 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary examination of metabolic syndrome response to motivational interviewing for weight loss as compared to an attentional control and usual care in primary care for individuals with and without binge-eating disorder

Barnes

Barber

2017

Eating Behaviors

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Motivational interviewing (MI) treatment for weight loss is being studied in primary care. The effect of such interventions on metabolic syndrome or binge eating disorder (BED; DSM-5 criteria), both highly related to excess weight, has not been examined. This study conducted secondary analyses from a randomized controlled trial to test the impact of MI for weight loss in primary care on metabolic syndrome. 74 adult participants with overweight/obesity recruited through primary care were randomized to 12 weeks of either MI, an attentional control, or usual care. Participants completed measurements for metabolic syndrome at pre- and post-treatment. There were no statistically significant differences in metabolic syndrome rates at pre-, X2(2)=0.16, p = 0.921, or post-, X2(2)=0.852, p = 0.653 treatment. The rates in metabolic syndrome, however, decreased for MI (10%) and attentional control (13.8%) participants, but not for usual care. At baseline, metabolic syndrome rates did not differ significantly between participants with BED or without BED across treatments. At post-treatment, participants with BED were significantly more likely to meet criteria for metabolic syndrome than participants without BED, X2(1)=5.145, p = 0.023, phi =.273. Across treatments, metabolic syndrome remitted for almost a quarter of participants without BED (23.1%) but for 0% of those with BED. These preliminary results are based on a small sample and should be interpreted with caution, but they are the first to suggest that relatively low intensity MI weight loss interventions in primary care may decrease metabolic syndrome rates but not for individuals with BED.

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Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Patients With Binge-Eating Disorder in Primary Care Clinics

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Characteristics of binge eating disorder in relation to diagnostic criteria

Characteristics of binge eating disorder in relation to diagnostic criteria

Menopause and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals with binge eating disorder

Preliminary examination of metabolic syndrome response to motivational interviewing for weight loss as compared to an attentional control and usual care in primary care for individuals with and without binge-eating disorder

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