Metabolically defined body size and body shape phenotypes and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Mahamat‐Saleh, Yahya; Rinaldi, Sabina; Kaaks, Rudolf; Biessy, Carine; González‐Gil, Esther M.; Murphy, Neil; Cornet, Charlotte Le; Huerta, José María; Sieri, Sabina; Tjønneland, Anne; Mellemkjær, Lene; Guevara, Marcela; Overvad, Kim; Pérez-Cornago, Aurora; Tin, Sandar Tin; Padroni, Lisa; Simeon, Vittorio; Masala, Giovanna; May, Anne M.; Monninkhof, Evelyn M.; Christakoudi, Sofia; Heath, Alicia K.; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Agudo, Antonio; Schulze, Matthias B.; Rothwell, Joseph A.; Cadeau, Claire; Severi, Gianluca; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Gunter, Marc J.; Dossus, Laure

doi:10.1002/cam4.5896

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Several pathways have been proposed through which IR may have pro-oncogenic, mitogenic, and antiapoptotic effects [133,134]. In fertile women, insulin and IGF-1 inhibit the hepatic synthesis of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), increasing the bioavailability of estrogen, which may account for the increased risk of breast cancer [135,136]. The proinflammatory state and the consequent increased production of free oxygen radicals (ROS) represent a favorable environment for the development and progression of neoplasms inducing mutagenesis and carcinogenesis [137].…”

Section: Insulin Resistance and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Insulin Resistance: New Knowledge and Perspectives

Ciarambino,

Crispino,

Guarisco

et al. 2023

CIMB

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Insulin resistance is the main mechanism in a whole series of pathological conditions, which are not only of metabolic interest but also of a systemic type. This phenomenon means that the body’s cells become less sensitive to the hormone insulin, leading to higher levels of insulin in the blood. Insulin resistance is a phenomenon that can be found in both men and women and in particular, in the latter, it is found mainly after menopause. Premenopause, hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle, and the presence of estrogen can affect insulin sensitivity. Androgens, such as testosterone, are typically higher in men and can contribute to insulin resistance. In both sexes, different human body types affect the distribution and location of body fat, also influencing the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance is also associated with some neurological and neurogenerative disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome, atherosclerosis, and some of the main neoplastic pathologies. A healthy lifestyle, including regular physical activity, a balanced diet, and self-maintenance, can help to prevent the onset of insulin resistance, regardless of gender, although the different habits between men and women greatly affect the implementation of preventative guidelines that help in fighting the manifestations of this metabolic disorder. This review may help to shed light on gender differences in metabolic diseases by placing a necessary focus on personalized medical management and by inspiring differentiated therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Insulin Resistance and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Insulin Resistance: New Knowledge and Perspectives

Ciarambino,

Crispino,

Guarisco

et al. 2023

CIMB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…high fasting insulin, high HOMA-IR, hepatic steatosis), had elevated breast cancer risk irrespective of BMI ( 64 – 66 ). However, a very recent study indicated no difference in postmenopausal breast cancer risk in women classified as metabolically healthy overweight/obese or as metabolically unhealthy lean using C-peptide measures ( 67 ). Deteriorating metabolic function may indicate the presence of prediabetes, which is characterized by sustained hyperinsulinemia.…”

Section: The Impact Of Metabolic Health On Breast Cancer Risk and Pro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of poor metabolic health on aggressive breast cancer: adipose tissue and tumor metabolism

Sankofi,

Valencia-Rincón,

Sekhri

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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Obesity and type 2 diabetes are chronic metabolic diseases that impact tens to hundreds of millions of adults, especially in developed countries. Each condition is associated with an elevated risk of breast cancer and with a poor prognosis after treatment. The mechanisms connecting poor metabolic health to breast cancer are numerous and include hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, excess nutrient availability, and adipose tissue dysfunction. Here, we focus on adipose tissue, highlighting important roles for both adipocytes and fibroblasts in breast cancer progression. One potentially important mediator of adipose tissue effects on breast cancer is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling network. Among the many roles of FGFR signaling, we postulate that key mechanisms driving aggressive breast cancer include epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cellular metabolic reprogramming. We also pose existing questions that may help better understand breast cancer biology in people with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and poor metabolic health.

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