Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Criteria, Epidemiology, Controversies, and Consequences

Tsatsoulis, Agathocles; Paschou, Stavroula Α.

doi:10.1007/s13679-020-00375-0

Cited by 151 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 93 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

125

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The present study showed that 15.1% were categorized as MHO in the obesity group, which was similar with many previous studies ( 5 , 6 , 7 ). Despite comparable BMI levels, relatively lower levels of HOMA-IR and adipo-IR were observed in the MHO group, as compared to the MUHO group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that obesity is associated with increased risk of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes, further resulting in the development of cardiovascular diseases ( 2 , 3 ). However, recent studies have found that a proportion of obese subjects appear to have a favorable metabolic profile with no aforementioned metabolic abnormalities, which was called 'metabolically healthy obesity (MHO)' ( 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ). The precise mechanisms responsible for such a favorable metabolic phenotype in obesity are not entirely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Circulating prolactin level is increased in metabolically healthy obesity

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Endocrine Connections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Prolactin (PRL) has been demonstrated as a metabolic hormone to regulate energy metabolism recently. The present study aims to investigate the association between PRL and metabolic alterations in different obesity phenotypes. Methods: A total of 451 drug-naive participants were recruited, comprising 351 obese patients and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy participants with normal weight. PRL, anthropometric, and clinical parameters were measured. Results: In the obesity group, 15.1% (53/351) were categorized as 'metabolically healthy obesity (MHO)'. Besides favorable blood pressure, glucose, and lipids profiles, the MHO group exhibited increased PRL, and lower levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and adipose tissue insulin resistance (adipo-IR) than the metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) group (PRL, HOMA-IR, and adipo-IR: P < 0.01; hsCRP: P < 0.05). The severe MUHO group showed significantly decreased PRL levels than the mild MUHO group (P < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that fasting plasma glucose (FBG) and adipo-IR were significantly associated with PRL (FBG: β = -0.263, P < 0.05; adipo-IR: β = -0.464, P < 0.01). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that hsCRP (OR = 0.824) and PRL (OR = 1.211) were independent predictors of MHO (all P < 0.01). Conclusion: The MHO group had significantly increased circulating PRL levels when compared with the control and MUHO groups, and multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that PRL was independent predictors of MHO. Our findings suggested that increased circulating PRL might be a compensatory response for favoring energy metabolism during obesity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating prolactin level is increased in metabolically healthy obesity

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Endocrine Connections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, it must be considered that not all obese patients have insulin resistance (about 25% of obese subjects are insulin sensitive, being classified, as we mentioned, into metabolically healthy obese) [9,82,90], and remain insulin-sensitive for a period [9,91]. These MHO patients seem to present lower chemerin levels vs. MUO patients [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Diabetes and Obesity—Cumulative or Complementary Effects On Adipokines, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance

Sitar-Tăut

Coste

Ţărmure

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Diabetes and obesity are increasingly significant public health issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adipocytokines (leptin, ghrelin, and chemerin), inflammation (sVCAM1—soluble vascular adhesion molecule 1, sICAM1—soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1), and insulin resistance in the presence of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Methods: 88 subjects, with a mean age of 61.96 ± 10.15 years, 75% of whom were women, were evaluated (in order to consider different associations between obesity and diabetes, subjects were categorized into four groups). Results: Overall, we found significant correlations between sICAM1-sVCAM1 rho = 0.426 and ghrelin-chemerin rho = −0.224. In the obesity + diabetes group, leptin correlated with sICAM1 rho = 0.786, and sVCAM1 negatively with glycemia/insulin rho = −0.85. Significant differences were found between the groups regarding sVCAM1 (p = 0.0134), leptin (p = 0.0265) and all insulin resistance scores, with differences influenced by the subjects’ gender. In conclusion, although there are currently many unknown aspects of the release and the role of various adipokines, in particular chemerin, its implication in early glucose metabolism dysregulation disorders seems very likely.

show abstract

“…Obesity in the pediatric age increases the risk of the incidence of type 2 diabetes in early adulthood in both sexes [ 40 ]. Moreover, some children and adults have metabolic healthy obesity and several hypotheses have been suggested; none of these were conclusive [ 41 , 42 ]. The Hp2-2 phenotype could be one of the mechanisms linking inflammation, insulin resistance, and adipocyte biology with a role in the deterioration of glucose tolerance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptoglobin Phenotypes Are Associated with the Postload Glucose and Insulin Levels in Pediatric Obesity

Ricotti

Feudis

Peri

et al. 2020

International Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose. Haptoglobin (Hp) is a protein involved in the acute-phase reaction of inflammation. Humans have three major phenotypes (Hp1-1, Hp1-2, and Hp2-2). Several studies have shown altered Hp regulation in adults with obesity and metabolic alterations. The Hp2-2 phenotype is associated with a high cardiovascular risk. Our aim was to investigate if Hp levels and the Hp2-2 phenotype are associated with glucose metabolism in pediatric obesity. Methods. We retrospectively studied 192 participants (92 males and 100 females), aged 4–18 years. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. The Hp phenotype (Hp1-1, Hp1-2, and Hp2-2) was identified through Western immunoblot. Results. Subjects carrying Hp1-1, Hp1-2, and Hp2-2 phenotypes were 13.6, 50.8, and 35.6%, respectively. Hp serum, fasting glucose, and insulin levels, as well as HOMA-IR, were similar among groups. Postload glucose and insulin levels (as insulin AUC) were progressively higher from the Hp1-1 to Hp2-2 phenotype. Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first study on Hp phenotypes conducted in a pediatric population with obesity. We showed that the presence of Hp2 allele is associated with a worse response of glucose load in terms of both glucose and insulin levels. Thus, the Hp2-2 phenotype could predispose in pediatrics, at the same degree of obesity, to a worse glycemic and insulinemic compensation.

show abstract

Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Criteria, Epidemiology, Controversies, and Consequences

Cited by 151 publications

References 93 publications

Circulating prolactin level is increased in metabolically healthy obesity

Circulating prolactin level is increased in metabolically healthy obesity

Diabetes and Obesity—Cumulative or Complementary Effects On Adipokines, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance

Haptoglobin Phenotypes Are Associated with the Postload Glucose and Insulin Levels in Pediatric Obesity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About