Metabolite profiling driven analysis ofSalsolaspecies and their anti-acetylcholinesterase potential

Abstract

Over 100 species of the genus Salsola are distributed in dry, arid parts of Asia, Europe and Africa, of which many species are recognised as antifungal, anticancer, antihypertensive and anthelmintic agents. Egyptian Salsola received scant characterisation of either its phytochemical composition or its biological effects. In this study, the metabolite profiles of two Salsola species viz. S. vermiculata and S. tetrandra were characterised in the aerial portions and root via ultra-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution qTOF-MS and NMR. Identified metabolites belonged to various classes including hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates, flavonoids, oxygenated fatty acids and alkaloids. Principal component analysis of derived biochemical profiles was also used for species and/or organs classification. Roots were enriched in hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates, whereas flavonoids were more abundant in aerial parts with kaempferol derivatives as major flavonoids in S. tetrandra versus quercetin in S. vermiculata. The root of S. vermiculata exhibited strong anti-acetylcholinesterase activity relative to eserine standard.

Hairy Garlic (Allium subhirsutum) from Sicily (Italy): LC-DAD-MSn Analysis of Secondary Metabolites and In Vitro Biological Properties

“…Other studies indicated that also phenolic compounds such as quercetin possess significant AChE inhibitory properties, suggesting a role for inhibition of AChE in the analyzed extracts [ 30 ]. N-ferulyl tyramine demonstrated a moderate inhibition activity on AChE when tested as a pure compound [ 31 ], while extracts of Salsola vermiculata L., rich in N-feruloyl tyramine, exert significant AChE inhibition [ 32 ]. Overall, the bibliographic data indicate that AChE inhibitory activity may be related to the different classes of compounds detected in A. subhirsutum .…”

Biological and Agronomic Traits of the Main Halophytes Widespread in the Mediterranean Region as Potential New Vegetable Crops

“…: S. inermis) is also considered a glycine-betaine accumulator. Various Salsola species, including the species S. soda, have been examined for their phytochemical composition, showing the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, and sterols [171][172][173]. The shoots contain flavonoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins [174].…”

The Genera Salsola and Suaeda (Amaranthaceae) and Their Value as Fodder

“…Genus Salsola is common in arid, semi-arid, and temperate regions worldwide (Rasheed et al 2013;Chauhan et al 2018). The exact number of species that falls under this genus has not been clearly established as yet.…”