Metabolite specific effects of solar UV‐A and UV‐B on alder and birch leaf phenolics

Kotilainen, Titta; Tegelberg, Riitta; Julkunen‐Tiitto, Riitta; Lindfors, Anders V.; Aphalo, Pedro J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01569.x

Cited by 79 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Several recent spectral weighting functions extend into the UV-A region (Quaite et al, 1992;Ibdah et al, 2002;; also see discussion of UV-A exclusion experiments in . Thus experiments excluding portions of the UV-A spectrum would be expected to produce different results than exclusions of only UV-B and are not directly comparable; in some instances solar UV-A invokes different responses than UV-B (Kotilainen et al, 2008). Latitudinal comparisons are sometimes further complicated because the latitude of the experiments is not reported.…”

Section: Uv Exclusion Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Ryel

Flint

Barnes

2010

UV Radiation in Global Climate Change

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Atmospheric aerosols and other particulates have been linked to reductions in shortwave radiation (global dimming). While much research has focused on the effects on plants caused by ambient and elevated UV-B (290 nm 320 nm), the direct effects of global dimming, and those mediated by associated changes in UV-B radiation, have not been effectively assessed. We conducted an experiment in the high-UV environment of Mauna Kea, Hawaii to compare the effects of UV-B reduction with a simulation of global dimming (accomplished with 13% shading). Using fava beans, (Vicia faba), we found that structural differences due to the treatments were minimal in this high light environment. Most surprising was the minimal effect of UV-B on plant growth given the high UV-B environment. However, both UV-B and shading significantly influenced epidermal UV transmittance, suggesting that changes that occur in secondary chemistry can affect epidermal transmittance for UV. Additional experiments suggest that the change in epidermal transmittance due to shading would most likely occur with foliage in highshade environments. Such changes in secondary chemistry have the potential to affect herbivory, nutrient cycling, and plant response to pathogens. While there are few experimental studies that specifically address possible reductions in radiation due to global dimming, many UV reduction experiments have been conducted in recent decades. Attempts to generalize latitudinal responses from these studies, however, are frustrated by a number of factors. Chief among them are different methodologies (reduction of different UV wavebands in different experiments) and a lack of reporting UV irradiance levels.

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Section: Uv Exclusion Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Ryel

Flint

Barnes

2010

UV Radiation in Global Climate Change

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“…The Weld experimental set-up is described in detail in Kotilainen et al (2008). BrieXy, we chose eight grey alder (Alnus incana L.) trees and 12 white birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.)…”

Section: Field Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere (Shimadzu UV-2501 PC UV-VIS; Kyoto, Japan) was used to measure the spectral transmittance properties of the Wlters. For the transmittance properties and for the estimated mean biologically eVective UV doses throughout the experiment, see Kotilainen et al (2008).…”

Section: Field Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar ultraviolet radiation alters alder and birch litter chemistry that in turn affects decomposers and soil respiration

et al. 2009

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Solar ultraviolet (UV)-A and UV-B radiation were excluded from branches of grey alder (Alnus incana) and white birch (Betula pubescens) trees in a field experiment. Leaf litter collected from these trees was used in microcosm experiments under laboratory conditions. The aim was to evaluate the effects of the different UV treatments on litter chemical quality (phenolic compounds, C, N and lignin) and the subsequent effects of these changes on soil fauna and decomposition processes. We measured the decomposition rate of litter, growth of woodlice (Porcellio scaber), soil microbial respiration and abundance of nematodes and enchytraeid worms. In addition, the chemical quality of woodlice feces was analyzed. The exclusion of both UV-A and UV-B had several effects on litter chemistry. Exclusion of UV-B radiation decreased the C content in litter in both tree species. In alder litter, UV exclusion affected concentration of phenolic groups variably, whereas in birch litter there were no significant differences in phenolic compounds. Moreover, further effects on microbial respiration and chemical quality of woodlice feces were apparent. In both tree species, microbial CO(2) evolution was lower in soil with litter produced under exclusion of both UV-A and UV-B radiation when compared to soil with control litter. The N content was higher in the feces of woodlice eating alder litter produced under exclusion of both UV-A and UV-B compared to the control. In addition, there were small changes in the concentration of individual phenolic compounds analyzed from woodlice feces. Our results demonstrate that both UV-A and UV-B alter litter chemistry which in turn affects decomposition processes.

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“…UV-C is generally fi ltered out by the ozone layer and is not a factor in plant development. UV-A is less harmful to plants due to the lower energy level per photon and is transmitted through glass, meaning that all plants grown in glass greenhouse are exposed to UV-A radiation [Kotilainen et al, 2008;Victório et al, 2011]. UV-C radiation which can be obtained through germicidal lamps will kill plants.…”

Section: Biotic and Abiotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Approaches for Enhanced Expression of Secondary Metabolites as Bioactive Compounds in Plants for Agronomic and Human Health Purposes

Jiménez-García¹,

Vazquez-Cruz²,

Guevara-González³

et al. 2013

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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The study of secondary metabolism in plants is an important source for the discovery of bioactive compounds with a wide range of applications. Today these bioactive compounds derived from plants are important drugs such as antibiotics, and agrochemicals substitutes, they also have been economically important as fl avors and fragrances, dyes and pigments, and food preservatives. Many of the drugs sold today are synthetic modifi cations of naturally obtained substances. There is no rigid scheme for classifying secondary metabolites, but they can be divided into different groups based on their chemical components, function and biosynthesis: terpenoids and steroids, fatty acid-derived substances and polyketides, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, non-ribosomal polypeptides and enzyme cofactors. The increasing commercial importance of these chemical compounds has resulted in a great interest in secondary metabolism, particularly the possibility of altering the production of bioactive plant metabolites by means of tissue culture technology and metabolomics. In today's world the use of bioactive compounds derived from plants plays an important role in pharmaceutical applications. This review presents information about these metabolites and their applications as well as their importance in agronomy and bioactive effects on human health as nutraceuticals. This review includes also the new tendencies to produce these bioactive compounds under different stresses conditions such as biotic and abiotic stress that could be included in production systems.

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Metabolite specific effects of solar UV‐A and UV‐B on alder and birch leaf phenolics

Cited by 79 publications

References 32 publications

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Solar ultraviolet radiation alters alder and birch litter chemistry that in turn affects decomposers and soil respiration

Current Approaches for Enhanced Expression of Secondary Metabolites as Bioactive Compounds in Plants for Agronomic and Human Health Purposes

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