Metabolomics and Transcriptomics unravel the mechanism of browning resistance in Agaricus bisporus

Abstract

Agaricus bisporus is widely used on the world market. The easy browning of mushroom surface is one of the most intuitive factors affecting consumer purchase. A certain cognition on browning mechanism have been made after years of research. At present, people slow down the browning of mushrooms mainly by improving preservation methods. In addition, breeding is also a reliable way. In the production practice, we have identified some browning resistant varieties,and we selected a browning-resistant variety to compare with ordinary variety to reveal the resistance mechanism. Using transcriptomics and metabolomics, the differences in gene expression and metabolite levels were revealed, respectively. The results showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) like AbPPO4 , AbPPO3 and AbPPO2 were differently expressed and these DEGs involved in many pathways that related to browning. The expression of AbPPO expression play an important role in the browning of A. bisporus and multiple PPO family members are involved in the regulation of browning. However, the resistance to browning cannot be judged only by the expression level of AbPPOs . Formetabolomics, most of the different metabolites were organic acids. These organic acids had a higher level in anti-browning (BT) than easy-browning varieties (BS), although the profile was very heterogeneous. On the contrary, the content of trehalose in BS was significantly higher than that in BT. Higher organic acids decreased pH and further inhibited PPO activity. In addition, the BS had a higher content of trehalose, which might play roles in maintain the activity of PPO. The difference of browning resistance between BS and BT is mainly due to the differential regulation mechanism of PPO.

Edible and medicinal fungi breeding techniques, a review: Current status and future prospects

“…indicated out that S. japonica sporophytes persistently respond possible pathogen and environment stresses ( Ding et al, 2018 ). Using transcriptomics and metabolomic analysed the mechanisim of the browning, the expression of AbPPO expression play an important role in the browning of A. bisporus and multiple PPO family members are involved in the regulation of browning ( Cai et al, 2022 ). The genomic sequence of S. commune could unravel related mechanisms by which mushroom-forming fungi degrade their natural substrates and form fruiting bodies (R. A.…”

High-quality genome assembly and multi-omics analysis of pigment synthesis pathway in Auricularia cornea

“…The association analysis of transcriptome and metabolome was extensively used to elaborate the genetic and regulatory mechanisms of plants' metabolites (Cho et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017;Li et al, 2018;Tingting et al, 2019). It has only been published in a few studies involving edible fungi, such as the anti-browning mechanism in A. bisporus, β-glucoside inhibitor in increasing cold-resistance of Volvaria volvacea, and hightemperature stress on Lentinus edodes (Zhao et al, 2019;Cai et al, 2021;Gong et al, 2022).…”