Metal Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and contributes to most cancer‐related morbidity and mortality cases. During the past decades, the rapid development of nanotechnology has provided opportunities and challenges for lung cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. As one of the most extensively studied nanostructures, metal nanoparticles obtain higher satisfaction in biomedical applications associated with lung cancer. Metal nanoparticles have enhanced almost all major imaging strategies and proved great potential as sensor for detecting cancer‐specific biomarkers. Moreover, metal nanoparticles could also improve therapeutic efficiency via better drug delivery, improved radiotherapy, enhanced gene silencing, and facilitated photo‐driven treatment. Herein, the recently advanced metal nanoparticles applied in lung cancer therapy and diagnosis are summarized. Future perspective on the direction of metal‐based nanomedicine is also discussed. Stimulating more research interests to promote the development of metal nanoparticles in lung cancer is devoted.

Advancing Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Diagnosis Accuracy via Dual Detection Fluorescent Nanoprobes

“…The thermal stability of the NPs was initially assessed by examining their fluorescence recovery rates at various temperatures. Within a certain temperature range (30,40,50,60, and 70 °C), the NPs' fluorescence recovery rate remained within 1.3 times its original value (Figure 2C,D). Even at higher temperatures (70 °C), the NPs demonstrated remarkable stability, indicating that temperature-induced interference with the NPs' performance is negligible.…”

“…Current developments in small-molecule fluorescent probes for detecting either HNE or CAPN2 are limited to single-marker targeting, − resulting in low accuracy for early lung cancer diagnosis and potentially high clinical misdiagnosis rates. Thiol-modified Au nanoparticles, with advantages including simple to synthesize, easy to modify, and biocompatible, have been extensively used in clinical disease diagnostics. − However, high concentrations of biological thiols like glutathione can replace Au–S bonds, producing false-positive signals . Recently, Tang’s group developed an Au–Se bond-based nanoplatform resistant to biological thiol interference, successfully applied in detecting various tumor markers. − …”

Sniping Cancer Stem Cells with Nanomaterials

“…However, most of them are still in the preclinical stage due to low solubility and toxicity issues. Therefore, further optimization of their properties, exploration of the interactions with the body, improvement of pharmacokinetics, and overcoming potential toxicity are needed in the future to ensure their safety and efficacy in clinical applications. , …”

“…Therefore, further optimization of their properties, exploration of the interactions with the body, improvement of pharmacokinetics, and overcoming potential toxicity are needed in the future to ensure their safety and efficacy in clinical applications. 376,377 4.4. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Targeting CSCs.…”

Non‐Pore Dependent and MMP‐9 Responsive Gelatin/Silk Fibroin Composite Microparticles as Universal Delivery Platform for Inhaled Treatment of Lung Cancer

“…[24] Due to the barriers of mucociliary escalation and macrophage clearance, [25] it's hard for inhaled drugs to deposit in lung tissue deeply and long termly to fight tumor cells effectively. [26] Therefore, multiple daily inhalation is often used in clinics to improve drug therapeutic effect, [27] which may lead to a high risk of pulmonary toxicity and notable patient noncompliance. [28] To overcome these challenges, the development of intelligent inhalable drug delivery systems is extremely urgent.…”