Metal-Slag Interfacial Properties: Equilibrium Values and “Dynamic” Phenomena

Gaye, Henri; Lucas, Luke; Olette, M.; Riboud, Paul Victor

doi:10.1179/cmq.1984.23.2.179

Cited by 105 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Riboud and Lucas [36] 17(a)). After the TiO 2 is diluted near the interface, the film and Gaye et al [39] described a general criteria of dynamic becomes more perturbed due to further reaction (Figures phenomena for iron-based alloys in contact with reducible 17(b) and (c)). Figure 18 shows SEM images of the entrapped oxides.…”

Section: B Laboratory Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[35] Interfacial energies are log K S ϭ 10,013/T Ϫ 2.87 [9] also a strong function of oxygen and sulfur contents as previously found in surface tension studies. [36][37][38][39] The effect of oxygen and sulfur on the surface tension of Prediction of interfacial energies from first principles is iron-4 wt pct carbon-sulfur alloys can be calculated using not currently possible; however, there have been a number of the approach of Belton [2] and of Sahoo et al [34] The presence attempts to develop models for the calculation of interfacial of carbon increases the activity coefficient of sulfur. Using energies in steel slag systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic and equilibrium interfacial phenomena in liquid steel-slag systems

Chung

Cramb

2000

Metall Mater Trans B

146

103

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The equilibrium interfacial energy between a liquid iron alloy and a liquid slag is a key physical parameter in the design of steel-refining processes as high interfacial energies are desired to avoid emulsification of slag in steel and the creation of casting defects. During a chemical reaction between a liquid iron alloy droplet and a liquid slag, it is possible to observe by X-ray photography a number of dynamic interfacial phenomena such as droplet flattening, interfacial turbulence, and spontaneous emulsification that can potentially lead to serious processing problems. These dynamic phenomena have been studied during reactions between Fe-Al and Fe-Ti alloys and silica-containing slags, and the presence of significant interfacial disturbance has been observed during the times of high reaction rate between the slag and the metal. It is suggested that interfacial chemical reactions induce Marangoni and natural convection at the slag-metal interface. This interfacial flow gives rise to interfacial waves due to a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The waves grow, become unstable, and lead to spontaneous emulsification of slag in steel and steel in slag. Experiments using industrial samples and controlled laboratory tests have indicated that this phenomenon may be more common than once thought and could lead to some serious problems in the processing of steel alloys containing high quantities of aluminum and/or titanium.

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Section: B Laboratory Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic and equilibrium interfacial phenomena in liquid steel-slag systems

Chung

Cramb

2000

Metall Mater Trans B

146

103

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“…[13] in explaining the effect of oxygen and sulfur on the interfacial tension between liquid iron and slag has been demonstrated by many investigators, as described in the work of Sun et al [19] The effect of oxygen on the interfacial tension between liquid iron and CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 slag at 1600°C, by means of the curve fitting of data from Gaye et al, [20] can be written as [14] Figure 9 shows the decrease of interfacial tension as a function of oxygen activity in the case of liquid iron and CaOSiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 slag at 1600°C. [20] It can be seen that oxygen can decrease the interfacial tension from about 1350 mN/m to 550 mN/m, or about 60 pct.…”

Section: Solutocapillary Effectmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…There has been significant work on oxygen in high-temperature systems in terms of adsorption study, for example, in [20,21,22] However, there is only limited work on the actual oxygen concentration distribution along the interface and toward the bulk. Measurement of bulk oxygen contents can be performed by employing inert gas fusion analysis.…”

Section: Solutocapillary Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the source of dynamic interfacial phenomena during reaction between metal droplets and slag

Rhamdhani

Coley

Brooks

2005

Metall Mater Trans B

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The dynamic interfacial phenomena during high-temperature reaction between an Fe-Al alloy droplet and a CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 slag were analyzed by evaluating the thermocapillary, solutocapillary, and electrocapillary effects. The magnitudes of these effects were determined using the local equilibrium model and utilizing kinetic data to determine local composition, temperature, and electrical potential. The electrocapillary effect was found to be dominant. It contributed approximately 85 pct of the maximum interfacial depression while the solutocapillarity contributed 15 pct. The thermocapillary effect was found to be negligible. In this work, the local gradient of interfacial tension along the interface due to the solutocapillary effect was estimated, i.e., ⌬␥ m-s ϭ 274 to 440 mN/m over a 1-to 2-m distance.

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“…Reduction of interfacial tension Riboud et al [7,25] showed, in their study on the reactions between slags of various compositions and iron alloys containing aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, boron, or chromium, that a considerable decrease of the interfacial tension occurs when a reaction or a flux of solutes takes place at the interface.…”

Section: Miscibility and Immiscibility Of The Liquid Phasesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Liquid phase combustion of iron in an oxygen atmosphere

2015

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In this article, we report an investigation of laser-initiated ignition of pure iron rods, using optical pyrometry, video observations, and analysis of metallographic cross section of quenched burning liquid on copper plates. When ignition occurs, caused by the melting of metal, the combustion takes place in the liquid. Two distinct superposed phases (L1 and L2) are identified in the liquid, according to the known phase diagram of the iron oxide system. Our observations show that the L1 and L2 phases can be either distinct and immiscible or mixing together. The temperature of the transition at which the mixing occurs is around 2350 K. Two mechanisms are proposed to explain the mixing occurring at high temperature: the spontaneous emulsification resulting from a strong decrease of the interfacial tension between L1 and L2 and the reduction of the miscibility gap between them at high temperature. Based on the experimental data of the evolution of the temperature and the video observation of the melt for different ignition conditions, we provide a complete description of the combustion process of iron induced by laser. Eventually, an extrapolation of the ironoxygen phase diagram, to temperatures higher than 2000 K, is proposed.

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Metal-Slag Interfacial Properties: Equilibrium Values and “Dynamic” Phenomena

Cited by 105 publications

References 20 publications

Dynamic and equilibrium interfacial phenomena in liquid steel-slag systems

Dynamic and equilibrium interfacial phenomena in liquid steel-slag systems

Analysis of the source of dynamic interfacial phenomena during reaction between metal droplets and slag

Liquid phase combustion of iron in an oxygen atmosphere

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