Metallic bismuth morphology and microstructure control during the membrane electro-deposition in methane-sulfonic acid system

Green Extraction of Metallic Bismuth from Bismuth Sulfide Concentrate via Reductive Sulfur-Fixed Smelting

“…After removing impurities from leaching solution, sponge bismuth, bismuth oxychloride, and metal bismuth products are prepared by diaphragm electrodeposition, neutralization-hydrolysis, and iron powder replacement. − The bismuth extraction by an acid chloride salt system generally has common problems such as high volatility, serious corrosion, and poor morphology of cathodic bismuth in the electrodeposition process. In recent years, Chang et al − employed biodegradable, low volatility, and high metal salt solubility methanesulfonic acid (MSA) as a reaction medium instead of traditional acid chlorine salt to realize the efficient dissolution of bismuth from bismuth sulfide concentrates through an oxidative pressure leaching process. Then, the bismuth-containing leaching solution was purified to recover metallic bismuth through the diaphragm electrodeposition.…”