Metallic Stent Mesh Coated with Silver Nanoparticles Suppresses Stent-Induced Tissue Hyperplasia and Biliary Sludge in the Rabbit Extrahepatic Bile Duct

Abstract

Recent therapeutic strategies to suppress restenosis after biliary stent placement are insufficient. Here, we demonstrate the usefulness of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS), a stent mesh coated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), for suppression of both stent-induced tissue hyperplasia and biliary sludge formation in the rabbit bile duct. The AgNP-coated SEMSs were prepared using a simple bio-inspired surface modification process. Then, the prepared SEMSs were successfully placed in 22 of 24 rabbits. Sludge formation in the AgNP-coated SEMS groups was significantly decreased compared to the control group on gross findings. Cholangiographic and histologic examinations demonstrated significantly decreased tissue hyperplasia in the AgNP-coated SEMS groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05 for all). There were no differences between the AgNP-coated SEMS groups (p > 0.05 for all). However, in the group coated with the greatest concentration of AgNPs (Group D), submucosal fibrosis was thicker than in the other AgNP-coated groups (p < 0.05 for all). The AgNP-coated metallic stent mesh significantly suppressed stent-induced tissue hyperplasia and biliary sludge formation in the rabbit bile duct. Taken together, the AgNP coating strategy developed in this study could be widely utilized in non-vascular medical devices for anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory responses.

Silver Nanoparticles Stable to Oxidation and Silver Ion Release Show Size-Dependent Toxicity In Vivo

“…There are over 1400 consumer and commercial products where silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are incorporated such as food packaging materials [1][2][3], waste-water treatment [4,5], topical ointments or wound healing gels [6][7][8][9][10], coatings on medical devices such as stents to prevent biofilm formation [11][12][13], paints, and anti-reflective coatings, and fabric cleaning chemicals [14][15][16]. The use of AgNPs in these applications predominantly rests on their superior antimicrobial properties [13,[17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Synergistic effects of silver nanoparticles and cisplatin in combating inflammation and hyperplasia of airway stents

“…The granulation tissue thickness was analyzed by ImageJ software. The degree of inflammation and the degree of collagen deposition were measured by H&E and MT according to a previous study [ 18 , 34 , 35 ]. In addition, histological sections of tracheal specimens were separately stained with antibodies against Caspase-3, PCNA, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and CD68.…”

“…Another clinical study of patients taking commercial colloidal silver products found that all patients had no observable toxic effects [ 15 ]. In addition, several studies have shown that AgNPs coated on a polyurethane stent are effective in suppressing tracheal restenosis caused by bacterial adherence and subsequent bacterial biofilm (BBFs) formation [ [16] , [17] , [18] ]. Thus, it will be optimal to select AgNPs to reduce BBFs and inhibit TS.…”

A Novel Design of Tri-Layer Membrane with Controlled Delivery of Paclitaxel and Anti-Biofilm Effect for Biliary Stent Applications

“…Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a type of malignancy that develops along the regions from intrahepatic biliary tree to common bile duct, is characterized as the second most common primary hepatic cancer with increasing worldwide incidence [ 1 , 2 ]. Late stage CCA patients commonly exhibit the symptoms of jaundice, cholangitis, and weight loss, but the pathological features vary considerably among those given the same diagnosis [ 3 ].…”