Metallization of polythiophenes I. Interaction of vapor-deposited Cu, Ag and Au with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)

Lachkar, A.; Selmani, A.; Sacher, E.; Leclerc, Mario; Mokhliss, R.

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(94)90069-8

Cited by 77 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As in the case of P3OT discussed above, the C(1s) spectrum of P3HT has a large contribution from the alkyl sidechain. However, in the case of Al/P3OT, a weak signal on the low binding energy side could be detected at a high level of aluminum coverage, while no visible changes in the C(1s) signal occurs in the case of copper deposited on P3HT [88]. Thus, the results indicate a direct interaction between the copper atoms and the sulfur atoms in the thiophene units.…”

Section: Interface Formation Between Copper and Polythiophenementioning

confidence: 70%

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Electronic Structure of Surfaces and Interfaces in Conjugated Polymers

Lögdlund¹,

Salaneck

1999

Semiconducting Polymers

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A description of the electronic and chemical structure of polymeric and condensed molecular solid systems is an important ingredient in the field of organic polymeric and molecular materials in modern electronics applications. The investigation of the interaction between conjugated polymer materials and various metals has become an important issue, both for interfacial characteristics as well as for doping-induced effects. Studies on the interface characteristics are of significant importance in the connection with various device applications. Investigations of initial stages of both metal-on-polymer and polymer-on-metal interface formation are of importance in the context of how the interfaces may affect the actual device performance. In other words, when a few isolated atoms of an active metal are applied in some way to a polymer surface, they will react in a very different way compared to the case where an isolated polymer chain is applied in some way to the clean surface of an otherwise three dimensional metal substrate, with or without the presence of an oxide layer [1]. In this context, the single most useful experimental tool has turned out to be photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) [2]. Also, it has been shown that use of the results of appropriate quantum-chemical calculations [3] in interpreting PES data in many cases provides a level of information output which is larger than the sum of the two [4]. In this chapter, the principles involved in the study of the electronic and chemical structure of conjugated polymer surfaces and interfaces are reviewed. Examples of materials system are included which demonstrate information obtainable from photoelectron spectroscopy on both pristine and doped conjugated polymers as well as the modification of the electronic and chemical structure of conjugated systems induced upon interaction with different metals such as aluminum and calcium. Also, the usefulness of the combination of photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations is demonstrated with some examples. The theoretical models most commonly used are only briefly outlined. More theoretical details are to be found in, for example, Ref. [3].This chapter is organized as follows: the experimental and theoretical techniques are presented briefly in Sections 5.2 and 5.3. In Section 5.4 some materials aspects and concepts are introduced, where trans-polyacetylene is used as an illustrative example. A series of illustrative examples on surfaces and interfaces Semiconducting Polymers: Chemistry, Physics and Engineering. Edited by G. Hadziioannou and P. F. van Hutten

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Section: Interface Formation Between Copper and Polythiophenementioning

confidence: 70%

“…The XPS S(2p) core level spectra recorded during the stepwise deposition of copper onto poly(3-hexylthiophene), or P3HT [88] are shown in Figure 5-17. The S(2p) spectrum at the top correspond to the pristine system.…”

Section: Interface Formation Between Copper and Polythiophenementioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Structure of Surfaces and Interfaces in Conjugated Polymers

Lögdlund¹,

Salaneck

1999

Semiconducting Polymers

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“…For example, Al and Cr reacts with the C-atom adjacent to the S-atom in P3HT, while Cu and Ag interacts with the S-atom of the polymer resulting in the formation of a silver sulfide-type of compound. [6][7] The latter could explain the presence of the IPCE peak observed at 430 nm and attributed to the [Ag-PEDOT:PSS] formation. The TOF-SIMS analyses show that the Al 2 O 3 and Al from the Al/Ag interface is dissolving in the Ag layer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then the interaction of part of these Ag atoms with the S-atom of PEDOT:PSS can result in the formation of a silver sulfide -type of compound. [6][7] The presence of the Al electrode in direct contact with the silver sulfide-type of compound (and moisture) creates a difference in electronegativity between both materials (a redox apir). The latter provokes a spontaneous reaction where silver sulfide is reduced to Ag and the Al metal electrode is oxidized to Al 2 O 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined characterization techniques to understand the stability of a variety of organic photovoltaic devices: the ISOS-3 inter-laboratory collaboration

et al. 2012

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This work is part of the inter-laboratory collaboration to study the stability of seven distinct sets of state-of-the-art organic photovoltaic (OPVs) devices prepared by leading research laboratories. All devices have been shipped to and degraded at the Danish Technical University (DTU, formerly RISO-DTU) up to 1830 hours in accordance with established ISOS-3 protocols under defined illumination conditions. In this work we present a summary of the degradation response observed for the NREL sample, an inverted OPV of the type ITO/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS/Ag/Al, under full sun stability test. The results reported from the combination of the different characterization techniques results in a proposed degradation mechanism. The final conclusion is that the failure of the photovoltaic response of the device with time under full sun solar simulation, is mainly due to the degradation of the electrodes and not to the active materials of the solar cell.

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“…O politiofeno destaca-se dos demais polímeros condutores devido à presença do heteroátomo de enxofre (LACHKAR et al, 1994) que propicia maior reatividade com metais pesados. Além de interagir com esses metais, os politiofenos são estáveis em condições ordinárias (SCHOPF; KOLSSMEH, 1997) (25º C, 1 atm, iluminação indireta, pH 4-10) e seus monômeros podem ser obtidos a partir de fontes de biomassa(ADAMS; VOORHEES, 1921;PHILLIPS, 1932) .…”

Section: Polímeros Conjugadosunclassified

Filmes finos do ácido poli 3-tiofeno acético

Torres¹

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Metallization of polythiophenes I. Interaction of vapor-deposited Cu, Ag and Au with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)

Cited by 77 publications

References 23 publications

Electronic Structure of Surfaces and Interfaces in Conjugated Polymers

Electronic Structure of Surfaces and Interfaces in Conjugated Polymers

Combined characterization techniques to understand the stability of a variety of organic photovoltaic devices: the ISOS-3 inter-laboratory collaboration

Filmes finos do ácido poli 3-tiofeno acético

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