This study assessed the levels of selected inorganic contaminants in streams and stream sediments in the effluent areas relating to the pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical treatment of gold ores in the Obuasi gold mine, Ghana. Water and stream sediment samples were taken from specific locations during the consecutive rainy and dry seasons, and concentrations of phosphate (PO 4 3-), nitrate (NO 3 -), chloride (Cl -), sulphate (SO 4 2-), sodium (Na ? ), potassium (K ? ), calcium (Ca 2? ), magnesium (Mg 2? ), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb), were determined. Alkalinity, pH, temperature and specific electrical conductivity were also measured. In the water samples, the average pH range for both the seasons is 6.9-7.4, most anions and metals have relatively higher concentrations in the wet season than in the dry season at both the metallurgical sites. Trace metals concentrations were comparatively low (\0.01-5.00 mg/l), higher in the dry season at the pyrometallurgical sites. Irrespective of seasons, SO 4 2-(0.80-949.50 mg/l) and PO 4 3-(\0.01-6.30 mg/l) were pronounced at the pyrometallurgical sites, while NO 3 -(0.01-98.45 mg/l) and Cl -(1.88-49.05 mg/l) were higher at the hydrometallurgical sites. In water samples, Ca 2? and SO 4 2? were the dominant cation and anion, respectively. In the stream sediments, except pH, NO 3 -, Cl -, Na ? and Mg 2? , all other parameter values were relatively higher at the hydrometallurgical areas. The average concentrations of Ca 2? , Mg 2? , As and Fe are remarkably high at both metallurgical sites (3,217-46,026 mg/kg). Overall, the level of parameters in the water samples are pronounced at pyrometallurgical sites, whereas the levels in sediments are higher at the hydrometallurgical sites.