Metals risk assessment for children's health in water and particulate matter in a southeastern Brazilian city

Alves, Renato I. S.; Machado, Gabriel Pinheiro; Zagui, Guilherme Sgobbi; Bandeira, Otniel Alencar; Santos, Danilo Vitorino dos; Nadal, Martí; Sierra, Jordi; Domingo, José L.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2019.108623

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is of concern that children are exposed to heavy metals through food. Several studies reveal that small doses of metals can be toxic, causing damage to children's brain development (Bocquet et al 2021) and increasing the carcinogenic risk (Alves et al 2019. Our investigation also shows the importance of researching this field in developing countries, like Ecuador, where there is a lack of information on the risk of human exposure to severe contamination produced by mining, oil extraction, industrial pollution, and excessive use of pesticides or chemicals fertilizers in agriculture.…”

Section: Trophic Transfer Factor Of Lead and Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 64%

Dietary intake and trophic transfer of cadmium and lead from three daily consumption vegetables in Quito, Ecuador

Vela,

Simbaña-Farinango,

Navarrete

et al. 2023

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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The presence of toxic metals in vegetables of daily consumption is a concern for human health. Little is known about the concentration of toxic metals in vegetables sold in markets in Quito, Ecuador, and the corresponding risk to the population. This study aimed to measure the concentration of cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in tomatoes, carrots, and lettuce, to estimate the risk for human health, and to determine the trophic transfer factor using Drosophila melanogaster flies. Vegetable samples were obtained from four local markets in Quito to measure the concentration of Cd and Pb (expressed in mg/kg of dry weight) in the vegetables by microwave-assisted acid digestion and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Drosophila melanogaster flies were fed with contaminated vegetables to determine de trophic transfer factor of metals in the trophic chain. Our results showed the highest accumulation of Pb and Cd occurred in lettuce. In all cases, the Pb and Cd concentrations exceeded the maximum levels established by the Food and Agriculture Organization. However, the daily intake of metals and the health risk index showed no risk from daily consumption. Pb’s trophic transfer factor was excessively high in the tomato-fed flies, showing transference and accumulation in the flies. Cadmium concentration in tomato-fed flies was also the highest among the three vegetables. The trophic chain transfer of toxic metals from vegetables to Drosophila has been observed through a high accumulation of these metals in flies, and this suggests a negative impact on both human health and ecosystems.

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Section: Trophic Transfer Factor Of Lead and Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 64%

Dietary intake and trophic transfer of cadmium and lead from three daily consumption vegetables in Quito, Ecuador

Vela,

Simbaña-Farinango,

Navarrete

et al. 2023

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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“…To calculate the exposure dose through ingestion of water (EXPing) (mg/kg/day), Equation ( 5) is utilized, while for exposure dose through dermal absorption (EXP-der) (mg/kg/day), Equation ( 6) is applied [60]. In this case, Cw represents the concentration of the chemical in water (mg/L), Kp is the permeability constant (1 cm/h), and the other terms are provided in Table 1.…”

Section: Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (Wawqi) and Water Qu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental exposure to metals through water may raise concerns regarding human exposure to potentially toxic elements [60]. Despite the studied elements showing average levels above national and international standards, human health risk assessment indices were found to be less than 1, indicating no risk (Table S25).…”

Section: Temporal Distribution and Annual Average Concentration Of Po...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of Potentially Toxic and Essential Elements in Water and Estimation of Human Health Risks in a River Located at the Interface of Brazilian Savanna and Amazon Biomes (Tocantins River)

Acioly,

da Silva,

Barbosa

et al. 2024

Toxics

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The Tocantins–Araguaia basin is one of South America’s largest river systems, across three Brazilian states (Maranhão, Tocantins, and Pará), within the Legal Amazon region. Despite draining extensive Cerrado savanna and rainforest ecosystems, it has suffered significant degradation, notably in the past 40 years. Human activities, including agricultural expansion, deforestation, and the introduction of non-native species, have worsened the environmental damage, which is alarming since many residents and villages along the middle Tocantins River rely on it for water supply, recreation, and fishing. This study assessed the concentration of potentially toxic and essential elements in water samples from four sampling sites distributed along the middle Tocantins River. The monitoring occurred throughout 2023, involving the measurement of parameters both on-site and in the laboratory. Water quality and its health implications were evaluated using the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI), the Water Quality Index (WQI), and the health risk assessment index. The levels of aluminum, copper, iron, magnesium, and selenium exceeded legal standards. Seasonal fluctuations indicate a complex dynamic influenced by climatic or seasonal factors, with February showing the highest values. Site P1, located in urban areas, exhibited elevated mean concentrations for conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and chlorophyll, indicating the need for continuous monitoring. The nitrogen concentrations at P1 raise concerns regarding drinking water quality, which is a concern for the region’s residents who use untreated river water. Despite seasonal variations in element concentrations, the overall WAWQI categorized all sections as “Excellent,” and the WQI rated as “Good.” Human health risk assessments detected no risks, but continuous monitoring and interventions are crucial for sustained water quality improvement.

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“…For all essential and/or toxic elements (including copper), it is well established that humans may be exposed to them through various pathways: inhalation, dermal and ingestion. However, for non-occupationally exposed populations, it is well established that the diet-including drinking water-is the main route of entrance of metals to the human body, accounting for more than 90-95% of total exposure [35][36][37][38] .…”

Section: Copper Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Literature Review of the Environmental and Health Risks of Copper Foil Manufacturing Plants in Relation to a New Facility Planned in Catalonia, Spain

Domingo

2024

j. of environ. & earth. sci.

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Electrolytic copper foil (electoral) is a thin copper foil with a thickness of less than 10 µm, which is an essential component for the manufacture of electric batteries. More specifically, it is widely used to make cathode collectors in rechargeable lithium batteries. Over the next few years, the expected demand for electricity is very important. Therefore, there will be an evident need for new manufacturing plants of copper foil. In relation to this, as can happen with any industrial facility, oil manufacturing plants may pose potential environmental and health risks. These risks may affect the surrounding ecosystems, as well as the population living in the vicinity of the facilities. Contamination of air (particulate matter, SO2, NOx, VOCs), water (copper and other heavy metals), and soil (heavy metals and other harmful substances) is an issue of notable concern. In Mont-Roig del Camp (Catalonia, Spain), a new electoral is currently planned. Considering the social concern that this facility—the first one in Spain—has raised in the population of the area, the state-of-the-art electrolytic copper foil manufacturing plants are here reviewed. The scientific databases Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar, as well as information obtained from different sources (Internet), were used. The most important conclusion of this review is that there is currently no information—available in scientific journals—on the characterization and evaluation of the environmental and health risks of this kind of facility. Anyhow, to minimize the potential negative environmental and health impacts of this planned elecfoil manufacturing plant, strict periodical controls, comprehensive environmental management systems, and relevant regulations are strongly recommended.

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Metals risk assessment for children's health in water and particulate matter in a southeastern Brazilian city

Cited by 21 publications

References 29 publications

Dietary intake and trophic transfer of cadmium and lead from three daily consumption vegetables in Quito, Ecuador

Dietary intake and trophic transfer of cadmium and lead from three daily consumption vegetables in Quito, Ecuador

Levels of Potentially Toxic and Essential Elements in Water and Estimation of Human Health Risks in a River Located at the Interface of Brazilian Savanna and Amazon Biomes (Tocantins River)

A Literature Review of the Environmental and Health Risks of Copper Foil Manufacturing Plants in Relation to a New Facility Planned in Catalonia, Spain

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