Metamaterial-based wearable flexible elliptical UWB antenna for WBAN and breast imaging applications

Alhawari, Adam R. H.; Almawgani, Abdulkarem H. M.; Hindi, Ayman Taher; Alghamdi, Hisham; Saeidi, Tale

doi:10.1063/5.0037232

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Performance degrades when antenna comes in contact with human body. This body effect on antenna performance should be reduced [30,31].…”

Section: Challenges Involvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Metamaterial Inspired Antenna With CSRR and Rectangular SRR Based Flexible Antenna With Jeans Gap Filled for Wireless Body Area Network

Goswami¹,

Karia²

2022

PIER C

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In this paper, a flexible compact Jeans gap filled metamaterial inspired antenna is proposed to operate at 2.4 GHz in the Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band. This designed antenna is flexible having size of about 27 × 23 mm 2 with substrate of thickness 0.3 mm. The proposed antenna comprises two complementary split ring resonators at ground plane and one circular ring and complementary rectangular split ring resonator. The top patch consists of two rectangular split ring resonators etched inside the rectangular patch. The use of SRR and CSRR on top and bottom of patch has helped to reduce the size of antenna along with maintaining performance of antenna. Further enhancements are done to make it jeans gap filled antenna with jeans filled between main patch and superstrate. The superstrate top patch consists of a square EBG structure. The simulation results have shown an increase in return loss due to the use of square EBG structure on superstrate. The simulated directivity obtained on antenna is 2.0775 dB. The measured and simulated results are in a good agreement. The motivation of this work is to design a compact metamaterial based antenna for wireless body area network with gap coupled jeans material to nullify effects of human body. Effects of air gap coupled and jeans gap coupled are analyzed in terms of performance. While the final antenna (Antenna-4) is designed, several iterations are tried to optimize and maintain good performance. Step 1 (Antenna-1) consists of two complementary split ring resonators along with a circular ring placed in ground plane with thickness of polyamide substrate as 0.3 mm. Step 2 (Antenna-2) consists of two split ring resonators along with a circular ring placed in ground plane. An air gap coupled superstrate is designed having gap between main patch and superstrate as 1 mm. Step 3 (Antenna-3) has the same configuration as Antenna-2, and the only difference is the air gap between main patch and superstrate which is replaced by jeans material. Step 4 (Antenna-4) is the final designed antenna with miniaturized size of 27×23 mm 2 as compared with previous antenna configurations. This research work has identified the challenges involved for designing an antenna in a wireless body area network. Practical aspect of design needs to consider: a) Bending effect on performance as movement and physiological changes might affect the performance. b) Performance degrades when antenna comes in contact with human body. Bending Effect: This work has also analyzed the effect of bending on return loss. For the final designed antenna (Antenna-4), maximum bending up to bend 30 • is possible. Further bending would break the substrate. After maximum bending, the measured return loss is about −16.7071 dB at 2.28 GHz. Body area network: The designed final antenna (Antenna-4) is tested on different parts of human body such as human-arm and leg. No major difference is seen on return loss when it is tested on different parts of body. The designed final antenna (Antenna-4) is tested on direct conta...

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“…Performance degrades when antenna comes in contact with human body. This body effect on antenna performance should be reduced [30,31].…”

Section: Challenges Involvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Metamaterial Inspired Antenna With CSRR and Rectangular SRR Based Flexible Antenna With Jeans Gap Filled for Wireless Body Area Network

Goswami¹,

Karia²

2022

PIER C

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“…Flexible wearable ultra-wideband antenna with metamaterial structure was designed for wireless body network and tumor detection with a diameter of 4 mm by breast imaging. Six modified metamaterial unit cells improved the gain, bandwidth, directivity and reduce the specific absorption rate for the proposed antenna 26 . A square shaped EBG based printed antenna with Hilbert-shaped metamaterial array using nickel oxide polymerized palm fibre for RF energy harvesting and exhibit improved bandwidth with high gain about 4.56 dB and 7.38 dB at 5.8 and 8 GHz, respectively 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual square split ring enclosed spiral shaped hybrid metamaterial resonator with size miniaturisation for microwave wireless applications

Siddiky

Faruque

Abdullah

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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In this research work, the development of the metamaterial unit cell is used to investigate multifunctional characteristics, exhibit preferable and capable adjustability, reconfigurable by changing the phase response of applied electromagnetic wave. This proposed metamaterial unit cell is analysed by modifying the geometric design of the metallic structure which mitigates the design to reduce the cost for the commercialisation. The resonant frequencies are located from 1.87, 2.55, 4.32, 5.46 GHz. The interaction with the electric field and magnetic field exhibit the polarisation in both planes which enhances the left handed characteristics. The field distribution of electric, magnetic, and surface current is presented with vector fields in different planes to observe the polarisation state. Different thicknesses of dielectric material are utilised to observe the impact of time varying electric and magnetic fields through the proposed metamaterial. The different substrate materials are described the degree of freedom for the implementation in different fields within the functional microwave frequency range.

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“…However, it cannot propagate too far, and detecting objects hidden too deeply becomes too difficult. A lower frequency results in a lower resolution but higher penetration depth [ 9 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Gain Compact UWB Antenna for Ground Penetrating Radar Detection and Soil Inspection

Saeidi

Alhawari

Almawgani

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

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An ultrawide bandwidth (UWB) antenna for ground-penetrating radar (GPR) applications is designed to check soil moisture and provide good-quality images of metallic targets hidden in the soil. GPR is a promising technology for detecting and identifying buried objects, such as landmines, and investigating soil in terms of moisture content and contamination. A paddle-shaped microstrip antenna is created by cutting a rectangular patch at one of its diametrical edges fed by the coplanar waveguide technique. The antenna is loaded by stubs, shorting pins, and a split-ring resonator (SRR) metamaterial structure to increase the antenna’s gain and enhance the bandwidth (BW) towards both the lower and higher end of the working BW. The antenna’s performance in soil inspection is studied in terms of the operating frequency range, different types of soil, different distances (e.g., 50 cm) between the antenna arrays and soil, S-parameters, and gain. Following this, the antenna’s ability to find a metallic target in the soil is tested, considering different array numbers, multi-targets, and locations. The antenna is designed on a thin layer of economic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrate with dimensions 50 × 39 × 0.508 mm3 and works in the frequency range 1.9–9.2 GHz. In addition, two more resonances at 0.9 and 1.8 GHz are also achieved; hence, the antenna works for more than two application bands, such as the ISM- and L-bands. The measurement results validated excellent agreement with the simulated results. Furthermore, the recommended antenna offering a high gain of about 10.8 dBi and maximum efficiency above 97% proved able to discriminate between hidden objects and even recognize their shapes. Moreover, the reconstructed images show that the antenna can detect an object in the soil at any location.

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Metamaterial-based wearable flexible elliptical UWB antenna for WBAN and breast imaging applications

Cited by 33 publications

References 55 publications

An Metamaterial Inspired Antenna With CSRR and Rectangular SRR Based Flexible Antenna With Jeans Gap Filled for Wireless Body Area Network

An Metamaterial Inspired Antenna With CSRR and Rectangular SRR Based Flexible Antenna With Jeans Gap Filled for Wireless Body Area Network

Dual square split ring enclosed spiral shaped hybrid metamaterial resonator with size miniaturisation for microwave wireless applications

High Gain Compact UWB Antenna for Ground Penetrating Radar Detection and Soil Inspection

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