Metastable Pitting of Stainless Steel

Frankel, G. S.; Stockert, L.; Hunkeler, F.; Boehni, H.

doi:10.5006/1.3583880

Cited by 435 publications

(237 citation statements)

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“…It is the depth of the pit that represents the diffusion barrier. Thus, deeper pits can survive with smaller anodic current densities compared to shallower pits [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of environmental factors on key kinetic parameters relevant to pitting corrosion

Woldemedhin

Srinivasan

Kelly

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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Experiments using stainless steel artificial pit (leadin-pencil) electrodes in ferric chloride and lithium chloride solutions were performed in order to determine the effects of key environmental factors such as chloride concentration and pH of the bulk solution on the central parameters utilized to characterize the pitting phenomenon-the repassivation potential E rp and the pit stability product under a salt film (i· x) saltfilm . For all the stainless steel alloys studied, a relative independence of the E rp to the pit depth was observed once sufficient anodic charge had been passed. The pit stability product under a salt film was seen to be largely insensitive to the pH of the bulk solution. E rp , on the other hand, was fairly independent of bulk pH only at the lower chloride concentrations of both lithium chloride and ferric chloride solutions. The two parameters were affected differently by variation in the chloride concentration of the bulk solutions. Increasing the chloride concentration resulted in a decrease in the value of (i·x) saltfilm for all alloys in both solutions. In ferric chloride, the value of E rp increased with increasing chloride concentration for Custom 465 and the austenitic steels, whereas it decreased across the same range for 17-4 pH. These trends were explained qualitatively using solution conductivity and alloying composition arguments. Finally, the results obtained from this study allowed for a rationalization of the phenomenology, enabling a method of measurement of the diffusion coefficient and the concentration at saturation of the Bstainless steel cation^within the pit, both of which agreed well with values obtained from the existing literature.

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“…It is the depth of the pit that represents the diffusion barrier. Thus, deeper pits can survive with smaller anodic current densities compared to shallower pits [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of environmental factors on key kinetic parameters relevant to pitting corrosion

Woldemedhin

Srinivasan

Kelly

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…This means that a decrease in the resistance to pitting corrosion occurs as can be shown in Table 2 that the E pit and E rep are depending on the temperature for both alloys [6] [8] [15].…”

Section: Effect Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Aggressiveness Behavior of Chloride and Iodide Solutions on 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Alloys

Salih¹,

Shakir²,

Al-Sammarraie³

2017

MSA

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The aggressive effect of chloride anion in comparison to iodide anion on the pitting corrosion attack of 304 and 304L stainless steel (SS) alloys was investigated by using the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization test at 0.6 M Sodium Halide salts (NaX) solution and different temperatures. The two alloys 304 and 304L SS suffered from severe pitting corrosion at room temperature up to 50˚C in a chloride containing solution with the higher resistance observed for 304L in comparison to the 304 while on pits were detected in iodide solution for both alloys. The pitting potentials of the two alloys in 0.6 M NaCl solution reduced with the increase of the temperature. Examination of the alloys' surfaces was conducted by using the scanning electron microscopes where it revealed that the occurrence of pitting attack seems like hemispherical or irregular pits with different sizes.

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“…The pit cover has been known for long time as being an important issue in pitting corrosion and it has been described as a stabilizing factor for pit growth [16;18;20;21]. Indeed, pit cover acts as a resistive barrier [22] or diffusion barrier [23] against both the current flow and diffusion that helps to maintain a concentrated aggressive environment inside the pit. In this aggressive environment, a key point is the presence of sulfate ions that competes with chloride ions [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Propagation of Open and Covered Pit in 316l Stainless Steel

Heurtault

Robin

Rouillard

et al. 2016

Electrochimica Acta

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Pitting corrosion on stainless steel has been widely studied during the last decades, but since it is a stochastic process, it remains difficult to analyze experimentally such a phenomenon. In this work, reproducible single pits were performed on 316L steel by using an experimental setup based on the use of a glass microcapillary to locally supply chloride ions on the steel surface in order to characterize the pit propagation. This original approach allowed obtaining new results about pit propagation. Indeed, it was possible to control the presence of a metallic cap recovering the pit by adjusting the experimental parameters (potential -chloride to sulfate ratio -temperature). The presence of this cover was shown to be an important issue concerning the propagation mechanism.It was also possible to study the evolution of both the pit depth and the pit diameter as a function of various parameters. Then, based on the simulation of the current densities at the pit bottom and at the pit aperture, a special attention has been paid for the investigation of the local propagation mechanism.

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Metastable Pitting of Stainless Steel

Cited by 435 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of environmental factors on key kinetic parameters relevant to pitting corrosion

Effects of environmental factors on key kinetic parameters relevant to pitting corrosion

Comparison of Aggressiveness Behavior of Chloride and Iodide Solutions on 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Alloys

On the Propagation of Open and Covered Pit in 316l Stainless Steel

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