Metastatic basal cell carcinoma to the lungs: Case report and review of literature

Nongrum, Henry B.; Bhuyan, Debomaliya; Royte, Vanlalhuma; Dkhar, Hughbert

doi:10.4103/2229-5178.144520

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The lung as a site of metastasis is rare, however almost 50 such cases have been described in the literature to date 8, 12. In the present case, metastasis to the lung was observed as a rare site of recurrence six years after an initial diagnosis of vulvar BCC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

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An unusual case of basal cell carcinoma of the vulva with lung metastases

Watson

Kelly

Prior

et al. 2016

Gynecologic Oncology Reports

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common non-melanomatous skin cancer, typically arising in sun-exposed areas such as the head and neck. Defective signaling through the Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway forms the molecular basis for BCC. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Basal cell carcinoma of the genital tract is rare as is metastatic BCC. We report a case of metastatic BCC in a young woman with previously resected vulval BCC presenting six years later with inguinal nodal recurrence and multiple lung metastases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…The genitalia in particular as a primary site of BCC is very rare, accounting for < 1% of cases 8, 9. To our knowledge there are approximately 250 cases reported in scientific literature 3, 8, 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual case of basal cell carcinoma of the vulva with lung metastases

Watson

Kelly

Prior

et al. 2016

Gynecologic Oncology Reports

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“…Risk factors for metastatic BCC include prolonged duration, site of the primary tumour (greater risk with tumours from the neck above), tumour size (greater than 3 cm), number of lesions, invasion depth, previous BCC, recurrent BCC, refractory to standard treatment, infiltrative histological pattern, residual tumour after surgical resection and previous radiation exposure 9. In this case, the BCC was left untreated for over a year with a significant history of previous BCC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Management of basal cell carcinoma with pulmonary metastasis

et al. 2023

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A man in his 50s presented with an ulcerative lesion within the left axillary fold that had progressively worsened over 18 months. Biopsy revealed an ulcerative basal cell carcinoma (BCC), which was surgically managed. CT chest scans done 7 months later assessed post-treatment of radiotherapy. This revealed pulmonary lesions, which were biopsy-proven metastatic BCC. Sonidegib, a hedgehog signalling inhibitor, was used for first-line treatment. Due to progressive disease, sonidegib was ceased. Cemiplimab, a checkpoint inhibitor, was used as second-line treatment based on a phase II trial demonstrating efficacy in the setting of metastatic BCC. CT reports were initially consistent with response but after 6 months of cemiplimab treatment, repeat CT chest scans revealed a decrease in size of the previously cited pulmonary lesions.This is a rare case of BCC metastases which has limited treatment options. This case provides insight of the patient experience on such treatment.

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“…Although BCCs rarely metastasize (0.0028–0.55%) [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], they show a locally destructive pattern, hence recent Guidelines recommend dividing BCCs into low and high-risk groups [ 12 , 22 ] or “easy-to-treat” and “difficult-to-treat” groups [ 1 ], orienting treatment options. Therapeutic options vary from surgical excision to photodynamic therapy, topical treatment, electro-dissection, cryotherapy, laser ablation, radiotherapy, or combined therapies [ 1 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: ⧉ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-frequency ultrasound: an essential non-invasive tool for the pre-therapeutic assessment of basal cell carcinoma

Bungărdean¹,

Serbănescu²,

Colosi³

et al. 2022

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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Aim: While histology remains the "gold standard" for cutaneous tumoral pathology, high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) was shown to play a significant role in the non-invasive, pre-therapeutic assessment of skin tumors. The aim of our study was to determine whether there is a significant correlation between the ultrasound (US) and histological measurements of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tumor depth. Materials and Methods: The present study retrospectively analyzed clinical, dermoscopy, HFUS and histological examinations of 90 patients (52 men and 38 women) with histologically confirmed BCC, with focus on tumor depth index (DI). Results: On clinical examination, 54 lesions were nodular (32 presented ulcerations) and 36 superficial lesions. Dermoscopy showed suggestive signs of BCC, most frequently "in focus" arborising superficial vessels (n=81), blue-grey ovoid nests (n=48) and specks of brown pigment (n=7). HFUS revealed well-defined (n=88) or poorly defined (n=2) hypoechoic, vascularized lesions, with inhomogeneous structure (n=90) and characteristic hyperechoic dots (n=36). A strong correlation (Pearson's r=0.92) between the HFUS (mean measured US depth = 1.33 mm) and histological (mean measured histological depth = 1.47 mm) DI of the investigated skin lesions was found, although significant differences (p<0.001 -t-test for paired samples) between the two measurements were observed. Conclusions: HFUS provides reliable information about BCC depth of invasion that cannot be otherwise obtained prior to surgery. In this manner, it completes the preclinical evaluation and can have an impact on the choice of the optimal therapeutic method.

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Metastatic basal cell carcinoma to the lungs: Case report and review of literature

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

An unusual case of basal cell carcinoma of the vulva with lung metastases

An unusual case of basal cell carcinoma of the vulva with lung metastases

Management of basal cell carcinoma with pulmonary metastasis

High-frequency ultrasound: an essential non-invasive tool for the pre-therapeutic assessment of basal cell carcinoma

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