Metastatic Endophthalmitis Associated with Injection of Addictive Drugs

Sugar, H. Saul; Mandell, Gerald H.; Shalev, J

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(71)90575-7

Cited by 42 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…To date, seven cases of aspergillus endophthalmitis have been described in the literature (Sugar, Mandell & Shalev, 1971;Elliott et al, 1979;Doft et al, 1980;Michelson, Freedman & Boyden, 1982;Roney et al, 1986;Lance, Friberg & Kowalski, 1988). The clinical features are similar to those of Candida endophthamitis.…”

Section: Aspergillus Endophthalmitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal infections in drug users

Leen

Brettle

1991

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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Fungal infections may account for 5-50% of serious infections in intravenous drug users, and for 5-50 per 100,000 hospital admissions. The fungi most commonly encountered are Candida and Aspergillus spp. Candidosis may be disseminated, with lesions in superficial structures, the eye and the skeletal system, or limited to the eye, the heart (as endocarditis) or the central nervous system. Aspergillosis usually presents as endophthalmitis or as central nervous system infection. Mucormycosis is also met with occasionally, and various fungi may cause endophthalmitis or endocarditis. Antifungal therapy for intravenous drug use-related infections is no different from that for similar mycoses in other patients, but the management of intravenous drug users requires considerable clinical skill.

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Section: Aspergillus Endophthalmitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal infections in drug users

Leen

Brettle

1991

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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“…Numerous cases of isolated HCE have been reported, and the association of this syndrome with intravenous drug abuse has been well documented in the literature (4,15,(18)(19)(20)(21). Situations may arise which threaten loss of sight in which a firm microbiological diagnosis must be made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Occasionally, Candida endophthalmitis occurs without signs of overt dissemination. Several authors have concluded that intravenous narcotics abusers are at high risk for this syndrome (4,(18)(19)(20)(21). Although this syndrome has been sporadically reported in the past, several recent case reports (15,18,19,21), as well as our own recent clinical experience, suggest that the incidence of this syndrome is either increasing 858 on August 8, 2020 by guest http://iai.asm.org/ Downloaded from or may be higher than previously recognized.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Experimental hematogenous Candida endophthalmitis: diagnostic approaches

Henderson¹,

Edwards²,

Ishida³

et al. 1979

Infect Immun

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Anterior chamber aspiration and vitreous aspiration were evaluated as diagnostic procedures for establishing a specific microbiological diagnosis in the rabbit model of hematogenous Candida endophthalmitis. Vitreous aspiration was the most successful procedure, confirming the diagnosis of hematogenous Candida endophthalmitis in 62% of eyes with documented intraocular infection. When animals with only the most severe clinical endophthalmitis were considered, vitreous aspiration confirmed the diagnosis in 89% of eyes evaluated. Vitreous aspiration correlated well with the extent of clinical endophthalmitis, as well as with postmortem, whole-vitreous cultures. Gram staining of the aspirate was additive to culture results in confirming the diagnosis. Anterior chamber aspiration was positive in only 1 of 58 eyes evaluated (1.7%). Additionally, muscle biospy was evaluated in this study as a tool for establishing a microbiological diagnosis in the rabbit model of disseminated candidiasis. Only 2 of 131 biospy specimens contained detectable Candida. Although vitreous aspiration may be associated with ocular complications, in certain clinical settings this procedure may be valuable in establishing the definitive microbiological diagnosis of hematogenous Candida endophthalmitis.

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“…Endophthalmitis caused by Candida Albicans [3] or Aspergillus [13]; panophthalmitis caused by Bacillus Cereus [5]; and retinopathy due to foreign bodies [14] are the most commonly described conditions. Ocular tuberculous infection is infrequent, and the risk of it evolving dramatically into a panophthalmitis is even less common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculous panophthalmitis associated with drug abuse

et al. 1987

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Tuberculous endophthalmitis is a rare condition not described to date in association with intravenous drug abuse. Characteristics such as the lack of proven tuberculous disease in other organs and intense progression towards panophthalmitis make this case all the more interesting. The histopathological diagnosis is based on the identification of acid-alcohol resistant bacilli, and typical granuloma lesions with focal caseosis in stained sections.

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Metastatic Endophthalmitis Associated with Injection of Addictive Drugs

Cited by 42 publications

References 10 publications

Fungal infections in drug users

Fungal infections in drug users

Experimental hematogenous Candida endophthalmitis: diagnostic approaches

Tuberculous panophthalmitis associated with drug abuse

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