Metastatic Spread of 783 Malignant Tumors at Post-mortem Examination

Abstract

The distribution of metastases in 783 post-mortem examinations for malignant primary tumors has been studied. Mechanical circulatory factors are not very important in determining the sites and extent of metastatic spread. The lungs and liver are the most common sites of blood borne metastates: but when organ weight are taken into account, they fall to the sixth and ninth places respectively. Different tumors, even when their position in the blood stream is the same, have very different metastatic patterns: blood borne metastases through the general arterial circulation of cancers of the lungs and cancers of other organs whose blood is drained by the caval or portal systems, but with metastases to the lungs, are in the ratios of 3:1.5:1 respectively.

Proximal Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Thyroid Mass: Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Most authors concur that total thyroidectomy might be beneficial if the thyroid is seeded from primary renal cell carcinomas (2). Other primary cancers that usually metastasize to the thyroid are primary breast and pulmonary cancers (1,5,11,12).…”

“…These tumors appear to be best managed by performing surgical resection and postoperative chemoradiation. Gastrointestinal tract primary tumors usually spread to liver, lungs, and bone (11) and are a frequent cause of ITM (1,3). Historical large autopsies series demonstrated seldom esophageal metastases to the thyroid (<1%) (14,15), although it has been described that routine autopsy reports do not include the thyroid as part of the examination (5).…”