Metasurface holograms for visible light

Ni, Xingjie; Kildishev, Alexander V.; Shalaev, Vladimir M.

doi:10.1038/ncomms3807

Cited by 1,345 publications

(971 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(45 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

965

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, the possibility to control both the amplitude and phase of the reflected light with GSP-based metasurfaces may find applications within synthesis of complex wave shapes 7 and information storage in true (i.e., amplitude and phase modulated) holograms. 36,37 Notes…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analog Computing Using Reflective Plasmonic Metasurfaces

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Motivated by the recent renewed interest in compact analog computing using light and metasurfaces (Silva, A. et al., Science 2014, 343, 160-163), we suggest a practical approach to its realization that involves reflective metasurfaces consisting of arrayed gold nanobricks atop a subwavelength-thin dielectric spacer and optically-thick gold film, a configuration that supports gap-surface plasmon resonances. Using well established numerical routines, we demonstrate that these metasurfaces enable independent control of the light phase and amplitude, and design differentiator and integrator metasurfaces featuring realistic system parameters. Proofof-principle experiments are reported along with the successful realization of a high-quality poor-man's integrator metasurface operating at the wavelength of 800 nm.Keywords: Metasurfaces, plasmonics, analog computing, metamaterials, gap surface plasmons * To whom correspondence should be addressed † In the quest to fully control light at the nanoscale, the year 2000 marks a new epoch in studying light-matter interactions, as researchers, fascinated by the experimental verification of negative refraction 1 and the theoretical work on perfect lensing, 2 in copious amounts ventured into the field of man-made materials, i.e., metamaterials. More than a decade later, several groundbreaking applications have been suggested and verified, such as super-resolution imaging, 3 invisibility cloaks, 4 and metamaterial nanocircuits. 5 In any case, however, and especially at optical frequencies, the general usage of metamaterials seem hindered by difficulties in fabrication and too high losses.As a way to circumvent the drawbacks of metamaterials, the two-dimensional analog, known as metasurfaces, have attracted increasing attention in recent years. 6 Metasurfaces are characterized by a subwavelength thickness in the direction of propagation, while the transverse plane typically consists of an array of metallic scatterers with subwavelength periodicity. Generally speaking, metasurfaces function as interface discontinuities which, depending on size, shape and composition of scatterers, allow for an abrupt change in the amplitude and/or phase of the impinging light. 7 It should be noted that a single layer of scatterers (due to their Lorentzian-shaped polarizability) only allow for full 2π-phase control of the cross-polarized light component, 8 meaning that such metasurfaces have a theoretical efficiency of maximum 25%, 9 though most realizations show efficiencies of a few percent. 10,11 In order to improve the efficiency of plasmonic metasurfaces, the low-frequency concept of transmit-and reflectarrays has been generalized and adopted to the visible and infrared regimes, where metasurfaces working in transmission consist of several layers in order to reach full phase control and proper impedance matching with surroundings. 9,12 Accordingly, such metasurfaces are quite complex to fabricate at near-infrared and visible frequencies, with a moderate efficiency of ∼ 20 − 50% due to ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analog Computing Using Reflective Plasmonic Metasurfaces

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We produce a stereoscopic image using reflective plasmonic colour prints, which differs from conventional passive prints for which 3D glasses comprising filters of red and green must be used. In addition to high-density multiplexed optical data storage, such polarization-dependent multicolour nanostructures could lead to ultra-high-resolution 3D displays, holograms 14,[18][19][20][21] and advanced elements for anti-counterfeiting and steganography 22 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional plasmonic stereoscopic prints in full colour

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metal nanostructures can be designed to scatter different colours depending on the polarization of the incident light. Such spectral control is attractive for applications such as high-density optical storage, but challenges remain in creating microprints with a single-layer architecture that simultaneously enables full-spectral and polarization control of the scattered light. Here we demonstrate independently tunable biaxial colour pixels composed of isolated nanoellipses or nanosquare dimers that can exhibit a full range of colours in reflection mode with linear polarization dependence. Effective polarization-sensitive full-colour prints are realized. With this, we encoded two colour images within the same area and further use this to achieve depth perception by realizing three-dimensional stereoscopic colour microprint. Coupled with the low cost and durability of aluminium as the functional material in our pixel design, such polarization-sensitive encoding can realize a wide spectrum of applications in colour displays, data storage and anti-counterfeiting technologies.

show abstract

“…Compared with their traditional counterparts, metasurfaces have emerged as unparalleled devices to realize miniaturized, on-chip integrated and multifunctional optical systems [7][8][9][10]. Tremendous breakthroughs in the field of metasurface have given rise to expansive applications ranging from planar imaging lenses [8,9,[11][12][13][14], holograms [15][16][17][18][19], spectrometers [20,21], nonlinear devices [22,23] and even to invisible cloaks [24][25][26], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic Analysis of Compact Spectrometer Based on Off-Axis Meta-Lens

Zhou

Chen

2018

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultra-compact spectrometers with high-resolution and/or broadband features have long been pursued for their wide application prospects. The off-axis meta-lens, a new species of planar optical instruments, provides a unique and feasible way to realize these goals. Here we give a detailed investigation of the influences of structural parameters of meta-lens-based spectrometers on the effective spectral range and the spectral resolution using both wave optics and geometrical optics methods. Aimed for different usages, two types of meta-lens based spectrometers are numerically proposed: one is a wideband spectrometer working at 800-1800 nm wavelengths with the spectral resolution of 2-5 nm and the other is a narrowband one working at the 780-920 nm band but with a much higher spectral resolution of 0.15-0.6 nm. The tolerance for fabrication errors is also discussed in the end. These provides a prominent way to design and integrate planar film-based spectrometers for various instrumental applications.

show abstract

Metasurface holograms for visible light

Cited by 1,345 publications

References 36 publications

Analog Computing Using Reflective Plasmonic Metasurfaces

Analog Computing Using Reflective Plasmonic Metasurfaces

Three-dimensional plasmonic stereoscopic prints in full colour

Characteristic Analysis of Compact Spectrometer Based on Off-Axis Meta-Lens

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About