The reference section in the print version of this Letter contained the following errors: For ref. 3, the volume number should have been 4 rather than 3. For ref. 17, "15, 1289-1295" should have been "http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1232009". For ref. 30, the volume number should have been 326 rather than 23. The online HTML and PDF versions of the Letter do not contain these errors. CORRIGENDUM
Artificially structured metamaterials have enabled unprecedented flexibility in manipulating electromagnetic waves and producing new functionalities, including the cloak of invisibility based on coordinate transformation. Here we present the design of a non-magnetic cloak operating at optical frequencies. The principle and structure of the proposed cylindrical cloak are analyzed, and the general recipe for the implementation of such a device is provided. The cloaking performance is verified using full-wave finite-element simulations.
The precise manipulation of a propagating wave using phase control is a fundamental building block of optical systems. The wavefront of a light beam propagating across an interface can be modified arbitrarily by introducing abrupt phase changes. We experimentally demonstrated unparalleled wavefront control in a broadband optical wavelength range from 1.0 to 1.9 micrometers. This is accomplished by using an extremely thin plasmonic layer (~λ/50) consisting of an optical nanoantenna array that provides subwavelength phase manipulation on light propagating across the interface. Anomalous light-bending phenomena, including negative angles of refraction and reflection, are observed in the operational wavelength range.
Holography, a revolutionary 3D imaging technique, has been developed for storing and recovering the amplitude and phase of light scattered by objects. Later, single-beam computer-generated phase holography was proposed for restoring the wavefront from a given incidence. However, because the phase modulation depends on the light propagation inside the material, the thickness of phase holograms usually remains comparable to the wavelength. Here we experimentally demonstrate ultra-thin metasurface holograms that operate in the visible range whose thickness is only 30 nm (approximately 1/23 of the operational wavelength). To our knowledge, this is the thinnest hologram that can provide both amplitude and phase modulation in the visible wavelength range, which generates highresolution low-noise images. Using this technique, not only the phase, but potentially the amplitude of the incident wave can be efficiently controlled, expanding the route to new applications of ultra-thin and surface-confined photonic devices.
One of the most fundamental notions in optics is that of refractive index, which gives the factor by which the phase velocity of light is decreased in a material compared to vacuum conditions. Negative-index materials (NIMs) have a negative refractive index so that electromagnetic waves in such media propagate in a direction opposite to the flow of energy, which is indeed unusual and counterintuitive. There are no known naturally-occurring NIMs. However, artificially designed materials (metamaterials) can act as NIMs. Metamaterials can open new avenues to achieving unprecedented physical
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