Metformin prescription patterns among US adolescents aged 10-19 years: 2009-2013

Wang, T.; McNeill, Ann; Chen, Y.; Senderak, M.; Shankar, R. Ravi

doi:10.1111/jcpt.12379

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this Scandinavian study of nationwide prescription data, we found increasing prevalence of non-insulin antidiabetic drug use in children, adolescents and young adults from 2010 to 2019. In line with previous studies, [13][14][15][16] use was most prevalent among females, and young adults and adolescents had the highest prevalence with metformin being the most commonly prescribed drug. Use of GLP-1 analogues increased markedly during the study period, whereas use of DPP-4 inhibitors and SGLT-2 inhibitors were extremely rare in children aged 0-19 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…There exist only few studies on prescription patterns of non-insulin antidiabetic drugs in children and adolescents [13][14][15][16][17][18] and comparison between these is hindered by varying age cutoffs and 16 This is markedly higher than the prevalence among 10-19 year-olds observed in our study (0.45/1000 in 2019). This difference may be explained by ethnic disparities and by the higher prevalence of overweight, obesity and type 2 diabetes in US children.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Use of non‐insulin antidiabetic drugs in children and young adults – A Scandinavian drug utilization study from 2010–2019

Jensen

Rasmussen

Furu

et al. 2021

Brit J Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knowledge on utilization patterns of non-insulin antidiabetic drugs in childhood and youth is limited. Therefore, we conducted a population-based drug utilization study using publicly available aggregate data on use of non-insulin antidiabetics from 2010 to 2019 in Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway and Sweden) in individuals aged up to 24 years. For each non-insulin antidiabetic drug, we calculated the annual prevalence

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Use of non‐insulin antidiabetic drugs in children and young adults – A Scandinavian drug utilization study from 2010–2019

Jensen

Rasmussen

Furu

et al. 2021

Brit J Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Metformin is the single most studied insulin sensitizer in PCOS. It is commonly used in adolescents 15 to 19 years of age despite being “off label” for this indication [177]. Additionally, according to the recent international evidence-based guidelines for assessment and management of PCOS, “The use of metformin in addition to lifestyle could be considered in adolescents with a clear diagnosis of PCOS or with symptoms of PCOS before the diagnosis is made” [125].…”

Section: Treatment Of Adolescent Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Treatment With Emphasis on Adolescent Girls

Witchel

Oberfield

Peña

2019

Journal of the Endocrine Society

412

274

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation. Depending on diagnostic criteria, 6% to 20% of reproductive aged women are affected. Symptoms of PCOS arise during the early pubertal years. Both normal female pubertal development and PCOS are characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, anovulation, and acne. Owing to the complicated interwoven pathophysiology, discerning the inciting causes is challenging. Most available clinical data communicate findings and outcomes in adult women. Whereas the Rotterdam criteria are accepted for adult women, different diagnostic criteria for PCOS in adolescent girls have been delineated. Diagnostic features for adolescent girls are menstrual irregularity, clinical hyperandrogenism, and/or hyperandrogenemia. Pelvic ultrasound findings are not needed for the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescent girls. Even before definitive diagnosis of PCOS, adolescents with clinical signs of androgen excess and oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, features of PCOS, can be regarded as being “at risk for PCOS.” Management of both those at risk for PCOS and those with a confirmed PCOS diagnosis includes education, healthy lifestyle interventions, and therapeutic interventions targeting their symptoms. Interventions can include metformin, combined oral contraceptive pills, spironolactone, and local treatments for hirsutism and acne. In addition to ascertaining for associated comorbidities, management should also include regular follow-up visits and planned transition to adult care providers. Comprehensive knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of PCOS will enable earlier identification of girls with high propensity to develop PCOS. Timely implementation of individualized therapeutic interventions will improve overall management of PCOS during adolescence, prevent associated comorbidities, and improve quality of life.

show abstract

“…Metformin is the only insulin sensitizer that has been evaluated in double-blind RCTs as single medication for adolescent PCOS; metformin use has increased over the last 10 years despite not being licensed for PCOS [218]. …”

Section: Treatment Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

An International Consortium Update: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescence

Ibáñez¹,

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper represents an international collaboration of paediatric endocrine and other societies (listed in the Appendix) under the International Consortium of Paediatric Endocrinology (ICPE) aiming to improve worldwide care of adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)¹. The manuscript examines pathophysiology and guidelines for the diagnosis and management of PCOS during adolescence. The complex pathophysiology of PCOS involves the interaction of genetic and epigenetic changes, primary ovarian abnormalities, neuroendocrine alterations, and endocrine and metabolic modifiers such as anti-Müllerian hormone, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, adiposity, and adiponectin levels. Appropriate diagnosis of adolescent PCOS should include adequate and careful evaluation of symptoms, such as hirsutism, severe acne, and menstrual irregularities 2 years beyond menarche, and elevated androgen levels. Polycystic ovarian morphology on ultrasound without hyperandrogenism or menstrual irregularities should not be used to diagnose adolescent PCOS. Hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and obesity may be present in adolescents with PCOS, but are not considered to be diagnostic criteria. Treatment of adolescent PCOS should include lifestyle intervention, local therapies, and medications. Insulin sensitizers like metformin and oral contraceptive pills provide short-term benefits on PCOS symptoms. There are limited data on anti-androgens and combined therapies showing additive/synergistic actions for adolescents. Reproductive aspects and transition should be taken into account when managing adolescents.

show abstract

Metformin prescription patterns among US adolescents aged 10-19 years: 2009-2013

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Use of non‐insulin antidiabetic drugs in children and young adults – A Scandinavian drug utilization study from 2010–2019

Use of non‐insulin antidiabetic drugs in children and young adults – A Scandinavian drug utilization study from 2010–2019

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Treatment With Emphasis on Adolescent Girls

An International Consortium Update: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About