Methane airborne measurements and comparison to global models during BARCA

Beck, Veronika; Chen, Huilin; Gerbig, Christoph; Bergamaschi, P.; Bruhwiler, L.; Houweling, Sander; Röckmann, Thomas; Kolle, Olaf; Steinbach, J.; Koch, Thomas; Sapart, Célia; Veen, Carina van der; Frankenberg, Christian; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Artaxo, Paulo; Longo, Karla M.; Wofsy, Steven C.

doi:10.1029/2011jd017345

Cited by 64 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Beck et al, 2012) was found to be substantially larger only for the western and eastern region during BARCA-A. This underlines the importance of a proper representation of the atmospheric transport in regional atmospheric transport models when they are applied in tropical regions.…”

Section: Comparison To Barca Chmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Therefore, observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) with 30s resolution from the years 1992-1993 are used. The vegetation map now includes 1 km LANDSAT data from the years -2000(Belward, 1996Sestini et al, 2003). As initial and lateral boundary conditions for all meteorological fields and sea surface temperature (SST), 6-hourly analysis data from the European Centre for MediumRange Weather Forecast (ECMWF; http://www.ecmwf.int) with a horizontal resolution of about 35 km are utilised.…”

Section: Wrf Model Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, during BARCA-B an analyser based on cavityringdown spectroscopy was deployed on board the aircraft to obtain continuous measurements of CO 2 , CH 4 , and H 2 O (Chen et al, 2010). The analysis of the BARCA CH 4 observations (see Beck et al, 2012 for details) indicates a strong source of CH 4 in the Amazon with main contribution from CH 4 emission of anaerobic microbial production in wetlands. For BARCA-A, a part of the variation in the CH 4 mixing ratio could be explained by biomass burning.…”

Section: Barca Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The global TM5 inversions on 6 • × 4 • horizontal resolution (cf. Beck et al, 2012) using additional constraints on the a-posteriori fluxes from SCIAMACHY observations, are able to represent the structure of the vertical profile better compared to the WRF-GHG simulations.…”

Section: Comparison To Barca Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WRF-Chem simulations in the Amazon region during wet and dry season transitions: evaluation of methane models and wetland inundation maps

et al. 2013

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The Amazon region, being a large source of methane (CH₄), contributes significantly to the global annual CH₄ budget. For the first time, a forward and inverse modelling framework on regional scale for the purpose of assessing the CH₄ budget of the Amazon region is implemented. Here, we present forward simulations of CH₄ as part of the forward and inverse modelling framework based on a modified version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry that allows for passive tracer transport of CH₄, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide (WRF-GHG), in combination with two different process-based bottom-up models of CH₄ emissions from anaerobic microbial production in wetlands and additional datasets prescribing CH₄ emissions from other sources such as biomass burning, termites, or other anthropogenic emissions. We compare WRF-GHG simulations on 10 km horizontal resolution to flask and continuous CH₄ observations obtained during two airborne measurement campaigns within the Balanço Atmosférico Regional de Carbono na Amazônia (BARCA) project in November 2008 and May 2009. In addition, three different wetland inundation maps, prescribing the fraction of inundated area per grid cell, are evaluated. Our results indicate that the wetland inundation maps based on remote-sensing data represent the observations best except for the northern part of the Amazon basin and the Manaus area. WRF-GHG was able to represent the observed CH₄ mixing ratios best at days with less convective activity. After adjusting wetland emissions to match the averaged observed mixing ratios of flights with little convective activity, the monthly CH₄ budget for the Amazon basin obtained from four different simulations ranges from 1.5 to 4.8 Tg for November 2008 and from 1.3 to 5.5 Tg for May 2009. This corresponds to an average CH₄ flux of 9–31 mg m⁻² d⁻¹ for November 2008 and 8–36 mg m⁻² d⁻¹ for May 2009

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Section: Comparison To Barca Chmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Wrf Model Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Barca Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison To Barca Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

WRF-Chem simulations in the Amazon region during wet and dry season transitions: evaluation of methane models and wetland inundation maps

et al. 2013

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“…Such observations can also be used to test remote-sensing measurement from space or from the surface and bring them on the same scale as the in situ surface measurements. Aircraft measurements have been undertaken in various regions either during campaigns (Wofsy, 2011;Beck et al, 2012;Chang et al, 2014;Paris et al, 2010) or in a recurrent mode using small aircrafts in the planetary boundary layer Umezawa et al, 2014;Gatti et al, 2014) and commercial aircrafts (Schuck et al, 2012;Brenninkmeijer et al, 2007;Umezawa et al, 2012Umezawa et al, , 2014Machida et al, 2008). Balloons can carry in situ instruments (e.g.…”

Section: Other Atmospheric Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global methane budget 2000–2012

Saunois

Bousquet

Poulter

et al. 2016

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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945

733

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Abstract. The global methane (CH 4 ) budget is becoming an increasingly important component for managing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. This relevance, due to a shorter atmospheric lifetime and a stronger warming potential than carbon dioxide, is challenged by the still unexplained changes of atmospheric CH 4 over the past decade. Emissions and concentrations of CH 4 are continuing to increase, making CH 4 the second most important human-induced greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Two major difficulties in reducing uncertainties come from the large variety of diffusive CH 4 sources that overlap geographically, and from the destruction of CH 4 by the very short-lived hydroxyl radical (OH). To address these difficulties, we have established a consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate research on the methane cycle, and producing regular (∼ biennial) updates of the global methane budget. This consortium includes atmospheric physicists and chemists, biogeochemists of surface and marine emissions, and socio-economists who study anthropogenic emissions. Following Kirschke et al. (2013), we propose here the first version of a living review paper that integrates results of top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models, inventories and data-driven approaches (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, and inventories for anthropogenic emissions, data-driven extrapolations). . Top-down inversions consistently infer lower emissions in China (∼ 58 Tg CH 4 yr −1 , range 51-72, −14 %) and higher emissions in Africa (86 Tg CH 4 yr −1 , range 73-108, +19 %) than bottom-up values used as prior estimates. Overall, uncertainties for anthropogenic emissions appear smaller than those from natural sources, and the uncertainties on source categories appear larger for top-down inversions than for bottom-up inventories and models.The most important source of uncertainty on the methane budget is attributable to emissions from wetland and other inland waters. We show that the wetland extent could contribute 30-40 % on the estimated range for wetland emissions. Other priorities for improving the methane budget include the following: (i) the development of process-based models for inland-water emissions, (ii) the intensification of methane observations at local scale (flux measurements) to constrain bottom-up land surface models, and at regional scale (surface networks and satellites) to constrain top-down inversions, (iii) improvements in the estimation of atmospheric loss by OH, and (iv) improvements of the transport models integrated in top-down inversions.

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River geochemistry, chemical weathering, and atmospheric CO₂ consumption rates in the Virunga Volcanic Province (East Africa)

Balagizi

Darchambeau

Bouillon

et al. 2015

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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We report a water chemistry data set from 13 rivers of the Virunga Volcanic Province (VVP) (Democratic Republic of Congo), sampled between December 2010 and February 2013. Most parameters showed no pronounced seasonal variation, whereas their spatial variation suggests a strong control by lithology, soil type, slope, and vegetation. High total suspended matter (289-1467 mg L 21 ) was recorded in rivers in the Lake Kivu catchment, indicating high soil erodibility, partly as a consequence of deforestation and farming activities. Dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC) were lower in rivers from lava fields, and higher in nonvolcanic subcatchments. Stable carbon isotope signatures (d 13 C) of POC and DOC mean d 13 C of 222.5& and 223.5&, respectively, are the first data to be reported for the highland of the Congo River basin and showed a much higher C4 contribution than in lowland areas. Rivers of the VVP were net sources of CH 4 to the atmosphere (4-5052 nmol L 21 ). Most rivers show N 2 O concentrations close to equilibrium, but some rivers showed high N 2 O concentrations related to denitrification in groundwaters. d 13 C signatures of dissolved inorganic carbon suggested magmatic CO 2 inputs to aquifers/soil, which could have contributed to increase basalt weathering rates. This magmatic CO 2 -mediated basalt weathering strongly contributed to the high major cation concentrations and total alkalinity. Thus, chemical weathering (39.0-2779.9 t km 22 yr 21 ) and atmospheric CO 2 consumption (0.4-37.0 3 10 6 mol km 22 yr 21 ) rates were higher than previously reported in the literature for basaltic terrains.

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Methane airborne measurements and comparison to global models during BARCA

Abstract: [1] Tropical regions, especially the Amazon region, account for large emissions of methane (CH 4 )

Cited by 64 publications

References 65 publications

WRF-Chem simulations in the Amazon region during wet and dry season transitions: evaluation of methane models and wetland inundation maps

WRF-Chem simulations in the Amazon region during wet and dry season transitions: evaluation of methane models and wetland inundation maps

The global methane budget 2000–2012

River geochemistry, chemical weathering, and atmospheric CO₂ consumption rates in the Virunga Volcanic Province (East Africa)

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Methane airborne measurements and comparison to global models during BARCA

Abstract: [1] Tropical regions, especially the Amazon region, account for large emissions of methane (CH 4 )

Cited by 64 publications

References 65 publications

WRF-Chem simulations in the Amazon region during wet and dry season transitions: evaluation of methane models and wetland inundation maps

WRF-Chem simulations in the Amazon region during wet and dry season transitions: evaluation of methane models and wetland inundation maps

The global methane budget 2000–2012

River geochemistry, chemical weathering, and atmospheric CO2 consumption rates in the Virunga Volcanic Province (East Africa)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

River geochemistry, chemical weathering, and atmospheric CO₂ consumption rates in the Virunga Volcanic Province (East Africa)