Methane emissions from yak (Bos grunniens) steers grazing or kept indoors and fed diets with varying forage:concentrate ratio during the cold season on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Ding, Xuezhi; Long, Ruijun; Kreuzer, Michael; Mi, Jiandui; Yang, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.09.007

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Similarly, yaks produce significantly (p < 0.001, t test) more VFAs after 72 hr incubation than cattle ( Figure S1B). These results coincide with previous in vivo observations [13,14]. Compared with other similar studies from different cattle strains, yaks produce less methane and more TVFAs ( Figure S1C), suggesting that an observable production of both low methane and high VFAs has been fixed in yaks after they split from the common ancestor of cattle.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Convergent Evolution of Rumen Microbiomes in High-Altitude Mammals

et al. 2016

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Studies of genetic adaptation, a central focus of evolutionary biology, most often focus on the host's genome and only rarely on its co-evolved microbiome. The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) offers one of the most extreme environments for the survival of human and other mammalian species. Yaks (Bos grunniens) and Tibetan sheep (T-sheep) (Ovis aries) have adaptations for living in this harsh high-altitude environment, where nomadic Tibetan people keep them primarily for food and livelihood [1]. Adaptive evolution affects energy-metabolism-related genes in a way that helps these ruminants live at high altitude [2, 3]. Herein, we report convergent evolution of rumen microbiomes for energy harvesting persistence in two typical high-altitude ruminants, yaks and T-sheep. Both ruminants yield significantly lower levels of methane and higher yields of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) than their low-altitude relatives, cattle (Bos taurus) and ordinary sheep (Ovis aries). Ultra-deep metagenomic sequencing reveals significant enrichment in VFA-yielding pathways of rumen microbial genes in high-altitude ruminants, whereas methanogenesis pathways show enrichment in the cattle metagenome. Analyses of RNA transcriptomes reveal significant upregulation in 36 genes associated with VFA transport and absorption in the ruminal epithelium of high-altitude ruminants. Our study provides novel insights into the contributions of microbiomes to adaptive evolution in mammals and sheds light on the biological control of greenhouse gas emissions from livestock enteric fermentation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Convergent Evolution of Rumen Microbiomes in High-Altitude Mammals

et al. 2016

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“…Previous research demonstrated that yak seems to have digestion and metabolism different from cattle, probably because it develops specific mechanisms to better cope with the harsh environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (e.g., low quality forage, high altitude). Such specific mechanism could also include energy saving metabolic functions, which probably leads to less GHG emitted from natural grazing yaks than from cattle (Ding et al, 2010). Denman et al (2007) using the primers M13F and M13R described by Luton et al (2002) also detected a group of mcrA sequences belonging to an uncultured group of archaea.…”

Section: Prokaryotic Community Of Yak Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore this order of methanogens should have a high potential as a target in future strategies to mitigate methane emissions from ruminant livestock (Poulsen et al, 2013). A study measured the enteric methane emissions of yaks in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau area and showed that they produce less methane (per unit of liveweight) compared to other ruminants (Ding et al, 2010). Another study with gnotobiotically reared lambs revealed that increasing the growth of non-H 2 cellulolytic microbial can both reduce ruminal methanogenesis and ensure the efficiency of fiber digestion (Chaucheyras-Durand et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the rumen bacteria and methanogenic archaea of yak (Bos grunniens) steers grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Xue

Chen

et al. 2016

Livestock Science

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“…Approximately 15 million yaks, representing more than 90% of the world's total yak population, are raised on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China, and are the major source of livelihood for nomadic Tibetans in the highland plains (Ding et al, 2010). Previous studies have indicated that yak milk and its products have multifunctional and important effects for the health of Tibetans (Zhang et al, 2008) based on its nutritive value and biological and physico-chemical functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative proteomic changes of differentially expressed whey proteins in clinical mastitis and healthy yak cows

Li¹,

Ding²,

Wan³

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Under the traditional grazing system on the QinghaiTibetan Plateau, the amount of milk in domesticated yak (Bos grunniens) with clinical mastitis decreases and the milk composition is altered. To understand the mechanisms of mammary gland secreted milk and disease infection, changes in the protein composition of milk during clinical mastitis were investigated using a proteomic approach. Milk whey from yak with clinical mastitis was compared to whey from healthy animals with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis using a mass spectrometer. Thirteen protein spots were identified to be four differentially expressed proteins. Increases in the concentrations of proteins of blood serum origin, including lactoferrin, were identified in mastitic whey compared to normal whey, while concentrations of the major whey proteins, casocidin-I, a-lactalbumin, and b-lactoglobulin, were downregulated in mastitic whey. These results indicated significant differences in protein expression between healthy yaks and those with clinical mastitis, and they may provide valuable information for finding new regulation markers and potential protein targets for the treatment of mastitis.

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Methane emissions from yak (Bos grunniens) steers grazing or kept indoors and fed diets with varying forage:concentrate ratio during the cold season on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Cited by 46 publications

References 32 publications

Convergent Evolution of Rumen Microbiomes in High-Altitude Mammals

Convergent Evolution of Rumen Microbiomes in High-Altitude Mammals

Analysis of the rumen bacteria and methanogenic archaea of yak (Bos grunniens) steers grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Comparative proteomic changes of differentially expressed whey proteins in clinical mastitis and healthy yak cows

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