Methane Production by Mixed Ruminal Cultures Incubated in Dual-Flow Fermentors

Eun, Jong‐Su; Fellner, V.; Gumpertz, Marcia L.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73148-3

Cited by 59 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…According to Eun et al (2004), methane production in the rumen generally depends on various factors, mainly the amount of fermentable carbohydrate and levels of fiber in the diet. However, the variation in amount of methane production with enzyme application might be influenced by the type and sources of enzymes, diet under consideration, pH considered, and rumen microbial population.…”

Section: Relative Improvement Of In Vitro Gas Production and Fibre Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Methane production of two roughage and total mixed ration as influenced by cellulase and xylanase enzyme addition

Gemeda

Hassen

2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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In recent decades supplementation of animal feeds with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes has substantially improved digestibility and animal performance. However, information related to associated methane production is limited and inconsistent. This study evaluated the effect of cellulase and xylanase enzymes on in vitro methane production of Eragrostis curvula hay, maize (Zea mays) stover and a total mixed ration (TMR) at seven levels of the two enzymes.Feed samples were incubated for 2, 12, 24 and 48 h in an in vitro batch culture with buffer and rumen fluid, and fibrolytic enzymes. Gas production was measured using a pressure transducer connected to a data tracker, while methane gas was analysed using a gas chromatograph which was calibrated with standard CH 4 and CO 2 . Increases in the level of enzyme application resulted in increases in gas volume, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, dry matter (DM) disappearance and associated increases in methane production. The linear increase in percentage and volume of methane production in tandem with increases in level of enzyme application might be due to increased fermentation, and organic matter degradability that resulted in a shift in VFA production towards acetate. Considering the efficiency of DM and neutral detergent fiber degradation and production of associated VFA with levels of enzymes, the use of 1 mg g −1 DMof enzyme can be a good option for the feeds tested. However, they cannot decrease methane production. It will be very important to consider other hydrogen sinks that can capture directly extra H + produced by the addition of enzyme so that their supplementation could be very efficient and environmentally sound.

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Section: Relative Improvement Of In Vitro Gas Production and Fibre Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Methane production of two roughage and total mixed ration as influenced by cellulase and xylanase enzyme addition

Gemeda

Hassen

2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…Nesse processo fermentativo, são produzidos dióxido de carbono (CO 2 ) e CH 4 , em quantidades variáveis, dependendo da concentração e das proporções relativas dos ácidos produzidos (OWENS e GOETSCH, 1988;EUN et al, 2004) ).…”

Section: Produção De Metano Decorrente Da Fermentação Ruminalunclassified

Aspectos Relacionados Com a Emissão De Metano De Origem Ruminal Em Sistemas De Produção De Bovinos

Pedreira¹,

Oliveira²,

Berchielli³

et al. 2005

AVS

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Embrapa/CPPSE -São Carlos, SP, Pesquisador do CNPq.RESUMO -O gás metano possui reconhecidamente um importante papel como intensificador do efeito estufa. Pelo seu processo digestivo de fermentação entérica, os ruminantes convertem os carboidratos presentes na dieta em ácidos graxos voláteis, resultando na produção de dióxido de carbono e metano. Dessa forma, os ruminantes são reconhecidos como importantes emissores de metano ruminal para a atmosfera, sendo que a produção deste gás representa ainda perdas energéticas para os animais em relação à energia consumida. Animais consumindo dietas de baixa qualidade podem produzir mais metano por unidade de produto (carne ou leite) em relação aos animais de alta produção consumindo dietas de melhor qualidade em maiores níveis de ingestão. Resultados têm mostrado que a redução da emissão de metano pela pecuária está ligada à melhoria da dieta, à melhoria dos pastos, à suplementação alimentar, à seleção por maior potencial genético de produção e a outras medidas que reflitam na melhor eficiência produtiva, resultando em menores ciclos de produção. Palavras-chave:Fermentação ruminal, metano, produção animal, efeito estufa, ruminantes.ABSTRACT -Methane is well known as a greenhouse effect intensifier. Ruminants, during the ruminal digestive fermentation process, transform carbohydrates available in the diet to volatile fatty acids, with production of carbon dioxide and methane. Therefore, ruminants are known as important methane source to the atmosphere. Methane production also means animal losses of ingested energy. Ruminal fermentation process is driven by dry matter intake, and feed quality. Therefore, consume of low quality diets will produce more methane per product unit (milk or beef) compared to high producing animals ingesting great amounts of high quality diets. The sulphur hex fluoride gas tracer technique did allow good methane emission measurements by grazing or free managed animals. Results show that the reduction of methane emission by cattle is related to better quality diet, to improvement of forage quality of pastures, to grain inclusion in diet, to animal breeds with greater production potential, and other practices that improve production efficiency, and result in shorter production cycles. Key-words:Animal production, greenhouse effect, methane, ruminal fermentation, ruminants. IntroduçãoA interação entre os fatores de produção animal e o impacto ambiental causado pelas diversas atividades tem sido, cada vez mais, o objetivo de pesquisas relacionadas com as mudanças climáticas mundiais. Os ruminantes, devido ao processo digestivo de fermentação entérica, são reconhecidos como importante fonte de emissão de metano (CH 4 ) para a atmosfera. Além disso, a produção desse gás, que pode variar em função do sistema de alimentação, é considerada uma parte perdida da energia do alimento, refletindo em ineficiência na produção animal. Baseado em aspectos de proteção mercadológica, o Brasil, por ser detentor do maior rebanho comercial de bovinos do mundo e por utili...

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“…Formate can be used to produce methane by methanogens; however, it is a less important methane precursor than H 2 and is responsible for approximately 18% of the methane produced (Hungate et al ., 1970). Ruminal fermentation products are not equivalent in terms of H 2 production; their amount depends on short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration and the relative ratio between acetate, propionate and butyrate (Owens and Goetsch, 1988;Eun et al ., 2004;Martin et al ., 2009a). Quantitative mathematic models consider fermentation stoichiometric calculations to balance formation of H 2 , SCFAs and other products for predicting methane production (Bannink et al ., 2006;Ellis et al ., 2008a).…”

Section: Enteric Methane Production and Its Function In Rumen Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric methane mitigation strategies in ruminants: a review

Pereira

Machado²,

Campos³

et al. 2015

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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SummaryLivestock farming in Latin America has been criticized because of its large greenhouse gas (GHG) production resulting from the use of degraded forage and low-efficiency production performance. Agriculture contributes a significant amount of the three main greenhouse gases: methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). Methane has a global warming potential 25 times greater than CO 2. Enteric methane is an important greenhouse gas responsible for approximately 15% of global warming. The trend and legal obligation of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions will likely directly influence improved efficiency of livestock systems, including animal nutrition and handling. The development of mitigation strategies and the viability of their practical applications have been researched around the world. Various nutritional strategies to mitigate enteric methane have been studied and developed. All of them differ in terms of viability, cost, and acceptance by the producers. Their adoption should be based on the capacity to reduce methane emissions in association with economic viability and animal performance. Animal performance improvement will be achieved in production systems (mainly those related to efficient forage use) associated with good management of nutrition, health and reproduction. These are important strategies to consolidate Brazil as a food producer to the world, respecting the demands regarding land, water, biodiversity conservation and emission of greenhouse gases.Keywords: climate change, global warming, greenhouse gas, livestock, sustainability. 125Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu 2015; 28:124-143 Ribeiro LG et al. Methane mitigation in ruminants: a review ResumenLa industria pecuaria latinoamericana ha sido criticada por la emisión significativa de gases con efecto invernadero (GHG). Dicha crítica se fundamenta en los bajos indicadores zootécnicos observados en los sistemas de producción animal basados en pasturas degradadas o que se encuentran por debajo de su potencial de producción. La industria agropecuaria contribuye de manera significativa con la emisión de los tres principales GHG: metano (CH 4 ), dióxido de carbono (CO 2 ) y óxido nitroso (NO 2 ). El gas metano tiene un potencial de calentamiento global 25 veces mayor que el de CO 2 . El metano entérico es un importante gas de efecto invernadero, que es responsable de aproximadamente el 15% del calentamiento global. La tendencia o la obligación legal de mitigar las emisiones de GHG tendrá una influencia directa sobre la necesidad del aumento de la eficiencia zootécnica en los sistemas pecuarios relacionado con el manejo nutricional de los animales que deberá ser adoptado. El desarrollo de estrategias de mitigación y la viabilidad de su aplicación práctica representan áreas de investigación alrededor del mundo. Existen diversas estrategias nutricionales que se han estudiado y desarrollado con el fin de mitigar el metano entérico. Dichas estrategias presentan diferentes viabilidades, costos y posibilidades para que sean aceptadas por...

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Methane Production by Mixed Ruminal Cultures Incubated in Dual-Flow Fermentors

Cited by 59 publications

References 31 publications

Methane production of two roughage and total mixed ration as influenced by cellulase and xylanase enzyme addition

Methane production of two roughage and total mixed ration as influenced by cellulase and xylanase enzyme addition

Aspectos Relacionados Com a Emissão De Metano De Origem Ruminal Em Sistemas De Produção De Bovinos

Enteric methane mitigation strategies in ruminants: a review

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