Methane Yield and Feed Quality Parameters of Mixed Silages from Maize (Zea mays L.) and Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Nurk, Liina; Graβ, Rüdiger; Pekrun, Carola; Wachendorf, M.

doi:10.1007/s12155-016-9779-2

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Despite the high moisture content of carrot and pumpkin, NDF content ranged from 9% (carrot) to 26% (pumpkin) for fresh vegetables on a DM-basis 7 . Maize ensiled with green beans have recorded a mean NDF content of 38–45% at 40% DM 25 , similar to values obtained within this study, ranging from 43.3–44.1% DM NDF for pumpkin and carrots respectively. Contrary to results from this study, NDF quantity has previously been associated with decreased VFA production, although related to organic matter digestibility rather than overall silage quality 26 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Microbial characterization and fermentative characteristics of crop maize ensiled with unsalable vegetables

Hooker

Forwood

Caro

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Incorporation of carrot or pumpkin at 0, 20 or 40% dry matter (DM-basis) with crop maize, with or without a silage inoculant was evaluated after 70 days ensiling for microbial community diversity, nutrient composition, and aerobic stability. Inclusion of carrots or pumpkin had a strong effect on the silage bacterial community structure but not the fungal community. Bacterial microbial richness was also reduced (P = 0.01) by increasing vegetable proportion. Inverse Simpson’s diversity increased (P = 0.04) by 18.3% with carrot maize silage as opposed to pumpkin maize silage at 20 or 40% DM. After 70 d ensiling, silage bacterial microbiota was dominated by Lactobacillus spp. and the fungal microbiota by Candida tropicalis, Kazachstania humilis and Fusarium denticulatum. After 14 d aerobic exposure, fungal diversity was not influenced (P ≥ 0.13) by vegetable type or proportion of inclusion in the silage. Inoculation of vegetable silage lowered silage surface temperatures on day-7 (P = 0.03) and day-14 (P ≤ 0.01) of aerobic stability analysis. Our findings suggest that ensiling unsalable vegetables with crop maize can successfully replace forage at 20 or 40% DM to produce a high-quality livestock feed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Microbial characterization and fermentative characteristics of crop maize ensiled with unsalable vegetables

Hooker

Forwood

Caro

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Although ruminants generally show positive response to increased protein content and higher digestibility of feed [47], there is little information on the feeding value of climbing beans. In terms of energy production, Nurk et al [48] found a rather low methane yield when using climbing beans in biogas plants. Further testing under various site conditions and further development of sowing technology (contemporary sowing of both crops), exploiting the large genetic diversity of beans in combination with feeding trials would be desirable to comprehensively evaluate the benefit of maize/bean mixtures in temperate climates in Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sowing Method and Weed Control on the Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercropped with Climbing Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Maize is grown on a large area in Germany and there is a growing concern in society about negative environmental effects related to this. The objective of the study was to test the performance of mixtures of maize and climbing beans as an alternative to monocropped maize under different site and management conditions. The effects of sowing density of maize and beans as well as the sowing time of beans on total dry matter (DM) yield and bean DM contribution to the total yield were investigated. Further, various mechanical and chemical weed control methods were tested and the resulting total DM yield was compared with that of a reference treatment (manual weeding). Hardly any consistent yield difference between maize/bean mixtures and monocropped maize occurred. The proportion of beans varied over a wide range among sites and was consistently higher when beans were sown at an early growth stage of maize. Mixtures did not suppress weeds efficiently and at two of the three sites their yield clearly declined with increasing weed coverage in the mixtures. A weed coverage of up to circa 10% may be tolerated, as the corresponding yield reduction is less than 1 t ha −1 . Considering the additional effort (i.e., two sowings, high costs for bean seeds, complicated weed control) in managing such mixtures, it can be concluded that maize/bean mixtures can currently hardly be recommended as an alternative to monocropped maize for feedstock production.

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“…salina resulted in 429 Nm 3 t −1 VS and 348 Nm 3 t −1 VS prior and after the extraction of valuable compounds (polyhydroxybutyrate), respectively [79]. These values are comparable to maize silage (340-360 Nm 3 t −1 VS), a commonly used feedstock for biogas production [83]. The digestion of microalgae together with other substrates (co-digestion) has been investigated in various studies [82,84,85], and positive synergies are formed (e.g., improved C/N ratio, reduced viscosity) [82,84].…”

Section: Bioenergy Productionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Digestate as Sustainable Nutrient Source for Microalgae—Challenges and Prospects

et al. 2021

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The interest in microalgae products has been increasing, and therefore the cultivation industry is growing steadily. To reduce the environmental impact and production costs arising from nutrients, research needs to find alternatives to the currently used artificial nutrients. Microalgae cultivation in anaerobic effluents (more specifically, digestate) represents a promising strategy for increasing sustainability and obtaining valuable products. However, digestate must be processed prior to its use as nutrient source. Depending on its composition, different methods are suitable for removing solids (e.g., centrifugation) and adjusting nutrient concentrations and ratios (e.g., dilution, ammonia stripping). Moreover, the resulting cultivation medium must be light-permeable. Various studies show that growth rates comparable to those in artificial media can be achieved when proper digestate treatment is used. The necessary steps for obtaining a suitable cultivation medium also depend on the microalgae species to be cultivated. Concerning the application of the biomass, legal aspects and impurities originating from digestate must be considered. Furthermore, microalgae species and their application fields are essential criteria when selecting downstream processing methods (harvest, disintegration, dehydration, product purification). Microalgae grown on digestate can be used to produce various products (e.g., bioenergy, animal feed, bioplastics, and biofertilizers). This review gives insight into the origin and composition of digestate, processing options to meet requirements for microalgae cultivation and challenges regarding downstream processing and products.

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Methane Yield and Feed Quality Parameters of Mixed Silages from Maize (Zea mays L.) and Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Microbial characterization and fermentative characteristics of crop maize ensiled with unsalable vegetables

Microbial characterization and fermentative characteristics of crop maize ensiled with unsalable vegetables

Effect of Sowing Method and Weed Control on the Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercropped with Climbing Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Digestate as Sustainable Nutrient Source for Microalgae—Challenges and Prospects

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