Methanogenic granule development in full scale internal circulation reactors

Pereboom, J. H. F.; Vereijken, Tom

doi:10.2166/wst.1994.0373

Cited by 94 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…In the majority of studies, granular biomass displays a higher SMA than that of non-granular biomass [30,33,34,87,113,114,135]. However, when comparing intact granule activity to disintegrated granule activity (whole granules broken apart by high shear or other procedure), it was found that the intact and disintegrated granules displayed similar SMAs.…”

Section: Activity Of Granular Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Wirtz¹,

Dague²

1996

Water Environment Research

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This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI fihns the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be fi-om any type of computer printer.The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction.In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Table 2. Proton-reducing reactions by the acetogenic bacteria [14,27,143,168]. 23 Table 3. The methanogenic bacteria [12], 26 Table 4. Methanogenic substrates [12]. 27 Table 5. Important reactions by the methanogens [12,168]. 27 Table 6. Effects of alkali and alkaline-earth metals on anaerobic digestion [95]. 52 Table 7. Bacterial counts in granules from UASB reactors [31,33]. 91 Table 8. General composition of granules [31]. 96 Table 9. Granule chemical composition [32,33], 96 Table 10. Specific methanogenic activity of various biomass [32,87]. 99 Table 11. Substrates suitable for granule formation. 105 Table 12. Solubility products of metal salts [98]. 111 Table 13. Sucrose feed mixture. 126 Table 14. Beef extract and glucose feed mixture. 127 Table 15. Composition of the beef extract soup base. 128 Table 16. Nutrient (NPK) solution. 128 Table 17. Trace metal solution. 129 Table 18. Ames municipal water analysis. 131 Table 19. ASBR cycle time for 48 and 24-hr HRTs. 133 viii Table 20. Attachment matrices utilized for granulation enhancement. 138 Table 21. Polymer characteristics. 139 Table 22. Coagulants utilized for granulation enhancement. 139 Table 23. Operational parameters routinely tested. 141 Table 24. Reagents used in the COD test. 144 Table 25. Gas chromatography analysis setup. 158 Table 26. Elemental analysis of granules. 165 Table 27. Start-up and granulation summary. 232 Table 28. Summary of specific methanogenic activity experiments. 238 Table 29. Chemical composition of granular and initial seed biomass. 255 Table 30. COD data for the sucrose control test. 286 Table 31. Biogas data for the sucrose control test. 287 Table 32. Volatile acids data for the sucrose control test. 291 Ta...

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Section: Activity Of Granular Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Wirtz¹,

Dague²

1996

Water Environment Research

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“…A range of high-rate anaerobic fluidized-bed (AFB) reactors such as upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), upflow-staged sludge bed (USSB), expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB), internal circulation (IC), and inverse anaerobic fluidized bed (IAFB) reactors, and two high-rate anammox reactors [sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and an upflow biofilter (UBF)] have been investigated (Lettinga et al, 1991;Lens et al, 1998;Chen et al, 2009;Pereboom and Vereijken, 1994;Sowmeyan and Swaminathan, 2008a;Jin et al, 2008). At the industrial scale, AFB reactor can bear very high loading rates, up to 40 g COD/(L·d) (Heijnen et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bed expansion behavior and sensitivity analysis for super-high-rate anaerobic bioreactor

Chen

Zheng

Cai

et al. 2010

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:Bed expansion behavior and sensitivity analysis for super-high-rate anaerobic bioreactor (SAB) were performed based on bed expansion ratio (E), maximum bed sludge content (V pmax ), and maximum bed contact time between sludge and liquid (τ max ). Bed expansion behavior models were established under bed unfluidization, fluidization, and transportation states. Under unfluidization state, E was 0, V pmax was 4 867 ml, and τ max was 844-3 800 s. Under fluidization state, E, V pmax , and τ max were 5.28%-255.69%, 1 368-4 559 ml, and 104-732 s, respectively. Under transportation state, washout of granular sludge occurred and destabilized the SAB. During stable running of SAB under fluidization state, E correlated positively with superficial gas and liquid velocities (u g and u l ), while V pmax and τ max correlated negatively. For E and V pmax , the sensitivities of u g and u l were close to each other, while for τ max , the sensitivity of u l was greater than that of u g . The prediction from these models was a close match to the experimental data.

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“…In fact, the lifting forces of the collected biogas are used to bring about a recirculation of liquid (and granular sludge) over the lower part of the reactor, which results in an improved contact between sludge and wastewater. The extent of liquid/sludge recirculation depends on the gas production (Vellinga et al 1986;Pereboom and Vereijken 1994;). …”

Section: Fluidized and Expanded Bed Systems (Fb Egsb Ic Reactors)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Celebrating 40 years anaerobic sludge bed reactors for industrial wastewater treatment

Lier

Zee

Frijters

et al. 2015

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

250

100

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In the last 40 years, anaerobic sludge bed reactor technology evolved from localized lab-scale trials to worldwide successful implementations at a variety of industries. High-rate sludge bed reactors are characterized by a very small foot print and high applicable volumetric loading rates. Best performances are obtained when the sludge bed consists of highly active and well settleable granular sludge. Sludge granulation provides a rich microbial diversity, high biomass concentration, high solids retention time, good settling characteristics, reduction in both the operation costs and reactor volume, and high tolerance to inhibitors and temperature changes. However, sludge granulation cannot be guaranteed on every type of industrial wastewater. Especially in the last two decades, various types of high-rate anaerobic reactor configurations have been developed that are less dependent on the presence of granular sludge, and many of them are currently successfully applied for the treatment of various kinds of industrial wastewaters worldwide. This study discusses the evolution of anaerobic sludge bed technology for the treatment of industrial wastewaters in the last four decades, focusing on granular sludge bed systems.

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Methanogenic granule development in full scale internal circulation reactors

Cited by 94 publications

References 0 publications

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Bed expansion behavior and sensitivity analysis for super-high-rate anaerobic bioreactor

Celebrating 40 years anaerobic sludge bed reactors for industrial wastewater treatment

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