Methanol to Dimethyl Ether

Bakhtyari, Ali; Rahimpour, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63903-5.00010-8

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…However, both methanol and DME have the advantages of being a renewable energy carrier in the future. While methanol has the advantage of being an easily transportable liquid, it has a lower cetane number than dimethyl ether (5.0 CH 3 OH [50] and 55À60 DME [51,52] ). Therefore, DME is also a viable and nontoxic alternative to fossil fuels despite being a gas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption‐Enhanced Methanol Synthesis

et al. 2019

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A small heat of reaction limits the efficiency of the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to form methanol; an improved efficiency can be achieved by shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium toward the formation of methanol. The exothermic adsorption of the products in sorption catalysts is shown to increase the reaction yield. The sorption catalysts consist of catalytically active Cu particles incorporated into a zeolite, which is known to strongly absorb water. In addition to high reaction yield of methanol, the sorption catalyst reduces CO2 to CO and dimethyl ether. An enhancement factor of up to 400% for CO and 130% for methanol and dimethyl ether at a relatively low pressure of 15 bar is shown. Furthermore, the following relevant parameters for future technical realization are derived: a high catalytic activity and the reversible adsorption of the products at reaction conditions. A key experiment that combines a catalytic reaction and a pressure swing desorption is presented and demonstrates the feasibility of sorption‐enhanced catalysis for efficient energy use in large‐scale reactors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption‐Enhanced Methanol Synthesis

et al. 2019

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“…To avoid this limitation, researchers began to study the direct synthesis of DME in a single reactor in which the methanol synthesis step is coupled in-situ with the dehydration step in a combined process. The direct synthesis of DME from syngas follows mainly two overall reactions [48]:…”

Section: Production Of Dmementioning

confidence: 99%

Direct catalytic production of dimethyl ether from CO and CO2: A review

Akhoondi

Osman

Eslami³

2021

Synth. Sinter.

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Dimethyl ether (DME) is a synthetically produced alternative fuel to diesel-based fuel and could be used in ignition diesel engines due to increasing energy demand. DME is considered extremely clean transportation and green fuel because it has a high cetane number (around 60), low boiling point (−25 °C), and high oxygen amount (35 wt%) which allow fast evaporation and higher combustion quality (smoke-free operation and 90% fewer NOx emissions) than other alternative CO2-based fuels. DME can be synthesized from various routes such as coal, petroleum, and bio-based material (i.e., biomass and bio-oil). Dimethyl ether can be produced from CO2 to prevent greenhouse gas emissions. This review aims to summarize recent progress in the field of innovative catalysts for the direct synthesis of dimethyl ether from syngas (CO+H2) and operating conditions. The problems of this process have been raised based on the yield and selectivity of dimethyl ether. However, regardless of how syngas is produced, the estimated total capital and operating costs in the industrial process depend on the type of reactor and the separation method.

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“…Its behavior is thus similar to propane, and hence propane distribution and storage infrastructure can be used for DME distribution (Moirangthem, 2016). DME has a volumetric heating value (18.2 MJ/L) that is almost exactly half that of diesel, although its lower density (0.67 kg/L at 20 C) means that its gravimetric low heating value (28.9 MJ/kg) is closer to diesel (Bakhtyari and Rahimpour, 2018;European Biofuels Technology Platform, 2011). It is more compatible with diesel engines than methanol is, with only moderate engine modifications required (Olah and Prakash, 2011;Das and Bhatnagar, 2018).…”

Section: Dme As a Marine Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perspective on Biofuels Use and CCS for GHG Mitigation in the Marine Sector

2020

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Summary The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the marine sector were around 2.6% of world GHG emissions in 2015 and are expected to increase 50%–250% to 2050 under a “business as usual” scenario, making the decarbonization of this fossil fuel-intensive sector an urgent priority. Biofuels, which come in various forms, are one of the most promising options to replace existing marine fuels for accomplishing this in the short to medium term. Some unique challenges, however, impede biofuels penetration in the shipping sector, including the low cost of the existing fuels, the extensive present-day refueling infrastructure, and the exclusion of the sector from the Paris climate agreement. To address this, it is necessary to first identify those biofuels best suited for deployment as marine fuel. In this work, the long list of possible biofuel candidates has been narrowed down to four high-potential options—bio-methanol, bio-dimethyl ether, bio-liquefied natural gas, and bio-oil. These options are further evaluated based on six criteria—cost, potential availability, present technology status, GHG mitigation potential, infrastructure compatibility, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) compatibility—via both an extensive literature review and stakeholder discussions. These four candidates turn out to be relatively evenly matched overall, but each possesses certain strengths and shortcomings that could favor that fuel under specific circumstances, such as if compatibility with existing shipping infrastructure or with CCS deployment become pivotal requirements. Furthermore, we pay particular attention to the possibility of integrating deployment of these biofuels with CCS to further reduce marine sector emissions. It is shown that this aspect is presently not on the radar of the industry stakeholders but is likely to grow in importance as CCS acceptability increases in the broader green energy sector.

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Methanol to Dimethyl Ether

Cited by 26 publications

References 131 publications

Sorption‐Enhanced Methanol Synthesis

Sorption‐Enhanced Methanol Synthesis

Direct catalytic production of dimethyl ether from CO and CO2: A review

A Perspective on Biofuels Use and CCS for GHG Mitigation in the Marine Sector

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