Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus argenteus in the Netherlands: not a new arrival

Canine Staphylococcus argenteus: Case Report from The Netherlands

“…However, gaps in knowledge on the epidemiology, infectivity and pathogenicity of S. argenteus in humans and non-humans remains to be clarified. In the Netherlands, human cases have been described [3]. Here, we describe the first reported canine S. argenteus.…”

“…There are also no known clinical consequences of misidentifying S. argenteus as S. aureus due to their seemingly comparable pathogenicity. In the Netherlands, multiple methicillin-resistant S. argenteus have been identified retrospectively from human clinical and outpatient settings [3]. Two patients had likely imported the isolates from hospitals in Australia and Philippines-known geographical 'hot spots' of S. argenteus-[2]-while others had an unknown source.…”

“…Several more clonal complexes have been described to belong to S. argenteus since and multiple studies have elaborated on its worldwide spread, including Australia, Africa, Asia, America and Europe [2]. S. aureus and S. argenteus have been implicated in disease in humans and non-humans [2,3], whereas the closely related S. schweitzeri has been found primarily in bats and non-human primates and no human infections have been described to date [4,5]. Human S. argenteus infections are associated with serious morbidity, mortality and nosocomial infection in humans [3,6], and isolates have been shown to harbor most of the virulence genes of S. aureus [5].…”

“…S. aureus and S. argenteus have been implicated in disease in humans and non-humans [2,3], whereas the closely related S. schweitzeri has been found primarily in bats and non-human primates and no human infections have been described to date [4,5]. Human S. argenteus infections are associated with serious morbidity, mortality and nosocomial infection in humans [3,6], and isolates have been shown to harbor most of the virulence genes of S. aureus [5]. Non-human described cases include gorilla [7], cow [8], rabbit [9], and pig [10].…”

First Report of a Methicillin-Resistant, High-Level Mupirocin-Resistant Staphylococcus argenteus

“…There are increasing reports of S. argenteus infections worldwide ( Chantratita et al., 2016 ; Alhussein et al., 2020 ; Diot et al., 2020 ; Hao et al., 2020 ; Mitsutake et al., 2020 ; Eshaghi et al., 2021 ). S. argenteus isolates are generally penicillin-resistant ( blaZ -positive) ( Becker et al., 2019 ), but in Europe, methicillin-resistant (MR)- S. argenteus (>10 isolates) have been identified in Denmark ( Hansen et al., 2017 ), Netherlands ( Bank et al., 2021 ) and Sweden ( Hallbäck et al., 2018 ; Giske et al., 2019 ). Also, a recent study ( Goswami et al., 2021 ) revealed that of the S. argenteus genomes deposited in the public databases, 20% were mecA -positive.…”