Method for the design of broad energy range focusing reflectrons

Vlasak, Paul R.; Beussman, Douglas J.; Ji, Qinchung; Enke, Christie G.

doi:10.1016/1044-0305(96)00030-x

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Since its invention by Mamyrin (Mamyrin et al, ), reflectrons of many different types have been developed from multiple‐reflection instruments with very high mass resolution (Hanson, ; Casares, Kholomeev, & Wollnik, , Plaß et al, ), to broad energy accepting instruments (Vlasak et al, ), miniaturized cylindrical ion mirrors (Vialle et al, ; Zhang & Enke, ), or so‐called end‐cap reflectrons (Cornish & Cotter, ; Fancher, Woods, & Cotter, ). In the following, the most common reflectron with one ion mirror is discussed as introduced by Mamyrin and coworkers.…”

Section: Reflectron‐time‐of‐flight Mass Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Introduction to the basics

Boesl

2016

Mass Spec Rev

104

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The intention of this tutorial is to introduce into the basic concepts of time-of-flight mass spectrometry, beginning with the most simple single-stage ion source with linear field-free drift region and continuing with two-stage ion sources combined with field-free drift regions and ion reflectors-the so-called reflectrons. Basic formulas are presented and discussed with the focus on understanding the physical relations of geometric and electric parameters, initial distribution of ionic parameters, ion flight times, and ion flight time incertitude. This tutorial is aimed to help the applicant to identify sources of flight time broadening which limit good mass resolution and sources of ion losses which limit sensitivity; it is aimed to stimulate creativity for new experimental approaches by discussing a choice of instrumental options and to encourage those who toy with the idea to build an own time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Large parts of mathematics are shifted into a separate chapter in order not to overburden the text with too many mathematical deviations. Rather, thumbrule formulas are supplied for first estimations of geometry and potentials when designing a home-built instrument, planning experiments, or searching for sources of flight time broadening.

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Section: Reflectron‐time‐of‐flight Mass Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Introduction to the basics

Boesl

2016

Mass Spec Rev

104

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“…Because of the considerable depth over which the ions will be located when the extraction field is applied, the extracted ions will have a wide distribution of kinetic energies along the flight path. Good temporal focusing of isomass ion packets at the detector is achieved through the use of an ion reflectron specially designed to cover an unusually wide range of ion energies [9]. The overall instrument design is shown in Figure 3.…”

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confidence: 99%

A segmented ring, cylindrical ion trap source for time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Davenport

Enke

et al. 1996

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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An ion trap source has been designed for use with time-of-flight (TOF) mass analysis. Two thin diaphragms make up a segmented ring electrode; the end cap electrodes are planar wire mesh. The potential field produced by the rf voltage applied between the ring and end cap electrodes resembles that of the cylindrical ion trap. The trapped ion population for ions created by electron impact exhibits linear growth against a first-order loss that has a time constant of about 50 µs; no ion loss occurs when the electron beam is off. The observed value of q z at low-mass cutoff for rf ion storage is -0.84. Pulsed extraction of all ions is accomplished by switching the trap electrodes from rf to voltages required to provide a linear dc extraction field. The TOF flight path includes a wide energy range reflectron. Better than unit mass resolution is achieved through m/z 500 without collisional ion cooling. With an extraction rate of 1 kHz and a recording rate of 4 spectra per second, a linear working curve is obtained between 36 pg and 18 ng of chlorobenzene delivered chromatographically. The system has demonstrated the potential to achieve a very high sample utilization efficiency at high spectral generation rates.

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“…The laser discharge is timed so that the photons and precursor ion packet reach the interaction region at the same time, which allows for energy deposition and ion fragmentation. The product ions and unfragmented precursor ions are then accelerated to impart mass-dependent velocities and are focused temporally at the detector position by a novel, broad energy range focusing reflectron [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

193-nm Photodissociation of ions from saturated and unsaturated aliphatic molecules

Beussman

Erickson

Enke

1996

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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To determine the analytical utility of photodissociation as a general fragmentation technique for tandem mass spectrometry of organic ions, the ability to fragment those ions considered least likely to absorb photons efficiently was investigated. To this end, the ability to photodissociate ions of aliphatic compounds by using 193-nm photons has been studied. Three fragment ions, the C4H 9 (+) ion from n-hexane, the C4H 7 (+) ion from 2-hexene, and C4H 5 (+) from 2-hexyne, have been photodissociated. The fragmentation efficiencies for all three ions studied were between 25 and 45%. The photofragment ion spectrum for each precursor ion studied is made up of characteristic fragments. These spectra demonstrate the ability to photodissociate aliphatic ions that originate from both saturated and unsaturated molecules. This provides substantial hope that virtually all organic ions will be able to be photodissociated by using 193-nm photons.

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Method for the design of broad energy range focusing reflectrons

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Introduction to the basics

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Introduction to the basics

A segmented ring, cylindrical ion trap source for time-of-flight mass spectrometry

193-nm Photodissociation of ions from saturated and unsaturated aliphatic molecules

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