“…Model reduction techniques based on Krylov-subspace iterations, especially the Lanczos method and the Arnoldi method, 2 are popular tools to tackle the large-scale time-invariant linear dynamical systems that arise in the simulation of electronic circuits, e.g., [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], and electromagnetics, e.g., [9,41]. In [42] and [43], the AWE and Padé-via-Lanczos (PVL) model reduction procedures are extended to the use of electromagnetic analysis.…”