Methoden zur chemischen Synthese von Fullerenen

Abstract

Das bekannteste Fulleren, C60 , wurde mit chemischen Methoden synthetisiert. Über zehn Jahre lang wurden im Labor des Autors bei der Synthese und dem Studium von offenen geodätischen Polyarenen Erfahrungen gesammelt, auf deren Grundlage die Strategie und Methodik für die Herstellung einer Vorstufe aus 60 Kohlenstoffatomen und deren Schließung zum Fulleren ausgearbeitet wurden. In diesem Aufsatz beschreibt der Autor aus seiner persönlichen Perspektive, wie die neuen Synthesemethoden entwickelt und eingesetzt wurden.

9‐Stannafluorenes: 1,4‐Dimetal Equivalents for Aromatic Annulation by Double Cross‐Coupling

“…[1] Hence, efficient synthetic methods leading to functionalized PAHs are expected to assist the rapid developments of PAHbased functional materials. [2] The transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of organometals with organic halides are an efficient method for regio-and stereospecific formation of C(sp 2 )ÀC(sp 2 ) bond. [3] As a result, double crosscoupling reactions of organodimetallic reagents and dihalides would provide a straightforward and promising method for designing PAHs if the annulation reaction takes place efficiently in preference to the possible oligomerization and/ or polymerization.…”

Facile Bucky‐Bowl Synthesis by Regiospecific Cove‐Region Closure by HF Elimination

“…Rational synthesis of geodesic structures is of great interest, in particular as a promising method for the synthesis of individual fullerene isomers [1] and isomerically pure singlewall carbon nanotubes. [2,3] The strategy generally followed starts with the synthesis of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) containing the carbon framework required for the target molecule, which can be rolled up to the desired carbon nanostructure by aryl-aryl domino coupling.…”

Template‐Assisted Formation of Fullerenes from Short‐Chain Hydrocarbons by Supported Platinum Nanoparticles

“…[3] Metal-insulator transitions of alkali-intercalated fullerenes [4] and superconductivity of alkali-doped fullerene compounds have attracted considerable scientific attention; [5] the great interest in fullerenebased materials has boosted the search for a rational design of fullerenes by new synthesis strategies. [6] Fullerenes usually are obtained by vaporization methods, [6] but can also be synthesized from polyarene precursor C 60 H 30 (1). Scott and co-workers have reported fullerene formation in the gas phase either through a series of cyclodehydrogenation steps [7] on 1 or through cyclization of a trichloroderivative, C 60 H 27 Cl 3 .…”