Methodological Considerations Contributing to Variability of the Quadriceps H-Reflex

Kameyama, Osamu; Hayes, Keith C.; Wolfe, Dalton

doi:10.1097/00002060-198912000-00004

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…7 Visual inputs were eliminated by eye closure, 20 and noise influence was eliminated by maintaining a quiet environment. 19 Because of all the circumstances described, we presume that the H-reflex amplitude in the period after galvanic stimulation is because of the galvanic current influence on spinal cord circuitry on the measured level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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A paradigm of galvanic vestibular stimulation diminishes the soleus muscle H-reflex in healthy volunteers

Cobeljic¹,

Miljković

Ribarič-Jankes

et al. 2015

Spinal Cord

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Study design: In this study, we explored how galvanic vestibular stimulation can modify the soleus H-reflex (Hoffman reflex), that is, the excitability of the spinal cord circuits, in healthy humans. Objectives: Our aim was to demonstrate H-reflex amplitude modulation caused by changing the duration and the intensity of the anodal galvanic vestibular stimulation. Therefore, we measured H-reflex before and after applied vestibular stimulation. Settings: This study was conducted in Rehabilitation Clinic, Belgrade, Serbia. Methods: The measurements were performed on 5 male volunteers aged 22-30 years. Anodal galvanic stimulation was applied on the right mastoid in prone position. H-reflex was elicited by nervus tibialis stimulation and measured from the right soleus muscle. In three subjects, trains of weak and strong galvanic stimuli (1, 5 and 9) were applied. In two subjects, only a train of 9 strong stimuli was applied. Results: A statistically significant decrease of the H-reflex amplitude after anodal galvanic stimulation was demonstrated in all subjects. The percentage of H-reflex amplitude diminution was between 6 and 18 in subjects with weak and strong stimuli and 5 and 6 in subjects with only 9 strong stimuli. Conclusion: We intend to use this paradigm of stimulation to explore whether the vestibulospinal function exists after spinal cord injury (SCI). If it exists, it can be used to influence the preserved spinal cord circuits after SCI. INTRODUCTIONIt has been long known that a small direct current, also called galvanic current, applied between mastoids produces an inclination of the standing person. 1 Several researchers have studied the electromyographic (EMG) responses occurring in response to galvanic stimulation of postural muscles in healthy subjects. They used a 1-or 4-to 6 -s duration, 1-4-mA intensity stimulus. 2,3 If averaging of the EMG activity was necessary, they used stimuli of shorter duration. [4][5][6] There is general agreement that anodal stimulation causes hypotonia and cathodal stimulation causes hypertonia of the ipsilateral postural muscles. The effect of galvanic current is also influenced by head and body posture, 7 as well as postural task. 8 In squirrel monkeys, it was demonstrated that the galvanic stimulation acted directly on the vestibular afferents (from semicircular canals, as well as otoliths): cathodal current increased the firing rate (causing hypertonia) and anodal current decreased the firing rate (causing hypotonia of the muscles). 9 More recently, 10-13 the electrical-induced analog of the monosynaptic reflex called the H-reflex has been used in assessment of the modulation of the monosynaptic activity at the spinal cord level.If a short-lasting electrical stimulus is applied to the tibial nerve within the popliteal fossa, motor and sensory fibers are stimulated simultaneously. The stimulation of motor fibers results in a muscle twitch of the soleus muscle, which can be demonstrated by means of bipolar superficial electrodes placed over the corresponding muscle be...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…12,19 The M wave and H wave recruitment curve was established at the beginning for each subject. The M wave amplitude was diminished by 10-15% of the maximal M wave amplitude, and it was maintained with this value throughout the measurement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A paradigm of galvanic vestibular stimulation diminishes the soleus muscle H-reflex in healthy volunteers

Cobeljic¹,

Miljković

Ribarič-Jankes

et al. 2015

Spinal Cord

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“…The Hoffmann reflex (H reflex), which is an index of spinal cord motor neuron excitability, demonstrates the validity of the neurophysiological argument that wearing a bite splint improves athletic ability, which has been closely analyzed 6,8,10,12,16) . Furthermore, the H reflex is facilitated in association with voluntary contraction of muscles located far away from the muscle evoking the H reflex ( Jendrassik maneuver) 6,8,10,12) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, the H reflex is facilitated in association with voluntary contraction of muscles located far away from the muscle evoking the H reflex ( Jendrassik maneuver) 6,8,10,12) . Miyahara reported the presence of a similar effect on the periodontal mechanoreceptors when chewing 12) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in healthy volunteers on the relationship between chewing and physical exertion have shown that improvements in chewing and occlusion lead to an improvement in motor function 1,9,12,[15][16][17][18] . In addition, chewing has also been shown to exert a neurophysiological effect, especially when secure occlusal support is present 8,[17][18][19] . This effect has also been predicted in patients with Parkinson's disease 3) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occlusal Treatment with Bite Splint Improves Dyskinesia in Parkinson^|^rsquo;s Disease Patient: A Case Report

Nomoto

Nakamura

Sato

et al. 2013

Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll.

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The patient was a 46-year-old woman requesting oral hygiene control. She had been treated for Parkinson's disease at the neurology department of another university hospital for 9 years. When the drugs were effective (drug efficacy), she could get out of bed and change clothes without assistance, albeit slowly. When the drugs were ineffective (no drug efficacy), however, she found it difficult to get out of bed, change clothes, or maintain posture during defecation without assistance. Occlusion was B-1 on the Eichner index, and neither dislocation of the temporomandibular joint nor mandibular tremor was observed. At her first visit, a medical history was taken and periodontal therapy commenced. Informed consent for bite splint therapy was obtained after examination of movement disorder. A bite splint was made for her, and any change in the grade of motor disorder using the bite splint evaluated. In addition, her grip strength was measured when wearing and not wearing the bite splint during periods of drug efficacy and no drug efficacy. The patient could get out of bed, change clothes, and maintain posture during defecation without assistance when wearing the bite splint, even during no drug efficacy. Grip strength in her left hand during drug efficacy and in both hands during no drug efficacy was greater when wearing the bite splint than without the bite splint. When this patient with Parkinson's disease wore a bite splint, her athletic ability and grip strength increased.

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The H-reflex to Magnetic Stimulation of Lower-Limb Nerves

Zhu

Starr²,

Su³

et al. 1992

Archives of Neurology

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Methodological Considerations Contributing to Variability of the Quadriceps H-Reflex

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

A paradigm of galvanic vestibular stimulation diminishes the soleus muscle H-reflex in healthy volunteers

A paradigm of galvanic vestibular stimulation diminishes the soleus muscle H-reflex in healthy volunteers

Occlusal Treatment with Bite Splint Improves Dyskinesia in Parkinson^|^rsquo;s Disease Patient: A Case Report

The H-reflex to Magnetic Stimulation of Lower-Limb Nerves

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