Methods

Myers, Martha A.; Talarico, Susette M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4732-6_2

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Rather than colorblindness clouding their assumptions about the criminal justice system, these researchers seek to test whether the system is colorblind or whether it undermines equal protection with harsher treatment depending on race. These studies focus on a fundamental concern for justice and equal treatment before the law (Hagan 1974; Myers and Talarico 1987). Equal treatment is measured, often quantitatively, as whether extralegal or offender‐related attributes like race, occupation, or gender are associated with outcomes after statistically controlling for the effects of legal factors like charges or prior convictions.…”

Section: Criminal Justice Research Through “Colorblind Lenses”: Dominmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal Justice Through “Colorblind” Lenses: A Call to Examine the Mutual Constitution of Race and Criminal Justice

Cleve¹,

Mayes²

2015

Law soc. inq.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A central paradox defines the scholarship of criminal justice and race: while racial disparities manifest throughout the criminal justice system, it is often portrayed as race‐neutral. We identify two central paradigm shifts: one in penology (that focuses on risk) and one in racial ideology (that focuses on colorblindness) that create a perfect storm; criminal justice apparatuses produce an illusion of racial neutrality while exacerbating racial disproportionality. We join an expanding list of scholars encouraging discourse that engages critical race theory on an empirical level and import this approach to the consideration of race within the criminal justice system. We identify issues with the conceptualization and operationalization of race as a variable within criminal justice research and recommend that scholars consider the mutual constitution of race and criminal justice. That is, scholarship must examine and empirically measure how race and criminal justice institutions actively form and inform each other.

show abstract

Section: Criminal Justice Research Through “Colorblind Lenses”: Dominmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal Justice Through “Colorblind” Lenses: A Call to Examine the Mutual Constitution of Race and Criminal Justice

Cleve¹,

Mayes²

2015

Law soc. inq.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rape remains a politically charged crime in today’s legal culture. But much like the broader literature on racial disparities in the justice system (e.g., Crutchfield, Bridges, & Pitchford, 1994; Myers & Talarico, 1987; Peterson & Hagan, 1984; Spohn, 2000), studies of sexual assault case processing provide few definitive conclusions as to whether victim and suspect race influence the criminal justice system response to sexual assault (Kingsnorth, Lopez, Wentworth, & Cummings, 1998; Spohn, 1994; Spohn & Spears, 1996; Tellis & Spohn, 2008; Walsh, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Victim and Suspect Race and the Police Clearance of Sexual Assault

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research testing the sexual stratification hypothesis has reached mixed conclusions about the relationship between victim and offender race and sexual assault case outcomes. Using data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System, we examine the relationship between the victim-suspect racial dyad and the odds of sexual assault case clearance, and whether the case was cleared via arrest versus an exceptional means clearance for reasons of declined prosecution or victim non-cooperation. The findings indicate little support for the sexual stratification hypothesis. Under certain circumstances, the victim-suspect racial dyad has a modest relationship with the odds of clearance and the manner in which cases are cleared. When the victim and offender are strangers, an arrest is less likely in White-on-Black assaults versus Black-on-White assaults. Further, an arrest is less likely in Black-on-Black family assaults because victims in these cases are less likely to cooperate with police, implying that Black victims' reluctance or inability to cooperate with police plays an important and overlooked role in producing racial disparities in clearance and arrest outcomes in certain types of cases.

show abstract

“…Feldmeyer and Ulmer (2011) found that Black population did not affect the sentencing of Black offenders, and that Hispanic defendants were actually sentenced more harshly in places with small Hispanic populations, and more leniently in places with the largest Hispanic populations. Finally, Myers and Talarico (1987) found that all offenders, not just African Americans, are sentenced more harshly in jurisdictions with larger African American populations, which is inconsistent with Blalock’s hypothesis. In short, with respect to sentencing, some studies find support for the racial/ethnic threat perspective, whereas others do not, but even those that do not find support for threat do suggest variation in outcomes by place.…”

Section: Social Context and Sentencingmentioning

confidence: 63%

Federal Sentencing Guidelines and United States v. Booker: Social Context and Sentencing Disparity

Nowacki

2015

Criminal Justice Policy Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The United States v. Booker decision rendered Federal Sentencing Guidelines advisory rather than mandatory. In the context of this decision, this study examines both the direct influence of aggregate-level political, community, and administrative variables on sentencing outcomes, and the way that such characteristics might contextualize individual-level predictors. Using multi-level regression techniques, this study examines the role of aggregate-level variables on sentence length decisions across four distinct time periods. Moreover, this article also examines whether aggregate-level variables condition the effects of race/ethnicity on sentencing outcomes. Whereas the direct effects of aggregate-level variables on sentencing outcomes are generally limited to political climate effects, there is evidence that political climate and other aggregatelevel measures contextualize individual-level race/ethnicity effects. Future research should seek to better understand the specific mechanisms behind these relationships.

show abstract

Methods

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Criminal Justice Through “Colorblind” Lenses: A Call to Examine the Mutual Constitution of Race and Criminal Justice

Criminal Justice Through “Colorblind” Lenses: A Call to Examine the Mutual Constitution of Race and Criminal Justice

Victim and Suspect Race and the Police Clearance of Sexual Assault

Federal Sentencing Guidelines and United States v. Booker: Social Context and Sentencing Disparity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About