Methods and Materials for Filling Losses on Lacquer Objects

Webb, Marianne

doi:10.1179/019713698806082930

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Wax bloom is caused by a variety of factors, including the wax composition and manufacture procedure, and external environmental parameters. The first group of factors includes higher cooling rates during solidification [61], the presence of impurities in the beeswax [62], the presence of admixtures such as stearine or resins [56][57]63], and wax degradation processes [58]. The migration of aliphatic hydrocarbons towards the surface is possibly promoted by the recrystallization of beeswax at temperatures below 12-16 °C [54], or as a result of an outflow of volatile unsaturated compounds at a 38 °C melting point [55].…”

Section: Wax Ageing and Wax Bloommentioning

confidence: 99%

Clothed wax effigies: construction materials, challenges and suggestions for preventive conservation

2020

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Wax effigies, fully dressed life-size models of human figures, have been constructed since the medieval times. The construction materials of historical effigies differ to the contemporary ones, yet the construction process of the wax parts has more or less remained unchanged over the centuries. This paper starts with the history, construction materials and manufacture techniques of wax effigies. The inseparable relation of the wax effigies and their costumes is explained, and the characteristics and deterioration agents of their most important construction materials are presented in order to understand their needs for preservation, with emphasis on wax and fabrics. The aim of this paper is to suggest preventive conservation guidelines for wax effigies, with proposals for appropriate environmental conditions during display and storage, and suggestions for proper handling, storage and transportation. Advice for disaster preparedness and actions in cases of emergency situations is also provided.

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Section: Wax Ageing and Wax Bloommentioning

confidence: 99%

Clothed wax effigies: construction materials, challenges and suggestions for preventive conservation

2020

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“…Flaking and lifting pieces of lacquer were consohdated using Paraloid B72 but as acetone may have a softening effect on lacquer an alternative solvent was sought (Webb 1998). Toluene was chosen, as it is of low-polarity and did not seem to cause any softening and the consolidation treatment was effective.…”

Section: Emma Schmueckermentioning

confidence: 99%

The conservation and display of a Japanese helmet

Schmuecker

2007

Arms & Armour

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A Japanese urushi' helmet and crest from the 16th century were prepared for exhibition at the Royal Armouries Museum. Both objects presented complex issues concerning cleaning for aesthetic reasons and the restoration of missing areas. To assess the degree of lacquer deterioration and to develop an appropriate cleaning solution a number or low-tech analytical methods^ including UV light and pH measurement were used.One side of the crest was partially missing and Japanese and Western restoration techniques were researched in order to develop ideas for loss compensation. The fragile condition of the lacquer and thin, flexible nature of the object foimd that contemporary Japanese and common Western methods of restoration were inappropriate. Instead, a detachable, self-supporting painted mild steel sheet was used to recreate the crest's silhouette.

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“…Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) is used in a number of applications including as surgical threads [1], lacquers [2], resins [3], food packaging materials [4], films with high oxygenbarrier properties [5], paper coatings and liners [6], water soluble films [7], electronics [8], coatings [9], printing [10], cosmetics [11], warp sizing and processing of textile fibres [12], drug delivery [13], contact lenses [14], biomaterials [15] and cements [16]. Given that there is such a wide diversity of applications of PVOH, there is a broad range of surface property characteristics required of the material which is dependent on its specific use and the industrial process in which it is utilised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Surface Properties of Compression Moulded Hydrolysed Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) Using Different Release Materials

et al. 2022

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Understanding the effect surface production has on polymer properties is important in the design of advanced materials. The aim of this study was to determine how the moulding process affected the rate of hydrolysis and the topography, chemistry and physicochemistry of PVAc moulded, hydrolysed surfaces. Three different mould surface materials were used to produce compression moulded PVAc sheets which were treated with aqueous NaOH at a range of concentrations. The Textile moulded sheet demonstrated the best hydrolysis results. The topography of the moulded sheets was transferred to the surfaces and the Kapton release sheet was visually smooth at lower magnification and demonstrated some pitting at higher magnification. The Teflon surface had features transferred from the coated stainless steel at lower magnifications and linear features at higher magnifications and the textile surface had a wrinkled appearance and irregularly spaced peaks. The release sheet used to mould the PVAc surfaces, affected the physicochemical parameters. The Kapton moulded surface demonstrated the most polar attributes and the Teflon surface the most dispersive. It was clear that the selection of the mould material had an influence on surface properties and hydrolysis of moulded PVAc. Such information is important for engineering design in industrial processes.

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Methods and Materials for Filling Losses on Lacquer Objects

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Clothed wax effigies: construction materials, challenges and suggestions for preventive conservation

Clothed wax effigies: construction materials, challenges and suggestions for preventive conservation

The conservation and display of a Japanese helmet

Interfacial Surface Properties of Compression Moulded Hydrolysed Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) Using Different Release Materials

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