The muzzle of barrel weapons produces a large amount
of smoke (muzzle
smoke), a major source of pollution in the battlefield. Quantitative
assessment of muzzle smoke is an important support for the development
of advanced propellants. However, due to the lack of effective measurement
methods for field experiments, most of the previous studies were based
on a smoke box, and few studies have focused on muzzle smoke in the
field environment. In view of the nature of the muzzle smoke and the
conditions of the field environment, the characteristic quantity of
muzzle smoke (CQMS) was defined based on the Beer–Lambert law
in this paper. CQMS is used to characterize the danger level of muzzle
smoke produced by the propellant charge, and theoretical calculations
indicated that when the transmittance is e
–2, the impact of the measurement errors on CQMS can be minimized.
Seven firings with the same propellant charge of a 30 mm gun were
carried out in a field environment to verify the effectivity of CQMS.
The measurement uncertainty analysis on the experimental results showed
that the CQMS of the propellant charge used in this study was 2.35
± 0.06 m2, which indicates that CQMS can be used to
quantitatively assess muzzle smoke.