Methods for Detection of Viruses in Water and Wastewater

Hryniszyn, Alicja; Skonieczna, Magdalena; Wiszniowski, Jarosław

doi:10.4236/aim.2013.35060

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The accuracy of detection of viruses depends on the sample volume, nucleic acid extraction yield (for nucleic acid-based methods) and purity ( Bofill-Mas and Rusiñol, 2020 ; Haramoto et al, 2018 ; Hryniszyn et al, 2013 ; Sidhu et al, 2013 ). A study conducted by Hjelmsø et al (2017) showed that both the concentration of nucleic acids and the nature of the methods used for the extraction significantly influence the results of viral metagenomic analyses, particularly those of viral community composition, viral specificity, and viral pathogen detection.…”

Section: Methods Of Pre-treatment Of Wastewater Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses in wastewater: occurrence, abundance and detection methods

Corpuz

Buonerba

Vigliottá

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

228

178

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This paper presents an updated and comprehensive review on the different methods used for detection and quantification of viruses in wastewater treatment systems. The analysis of viability of viruses in wastewater and sludge is another thrust of this review. Recent studies have mostly focused on determining the abundance and diversity of viruses in wastewater influents, in samples from primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment stages, and in final effluents. A few studies have also examined the occurrence and diversity of viruses in raw and digested sludge samples. Recent efforts to improve efficiency of virus detection and quantification methods in the complex wastewater and sludge matrices are highlighted in this review. A summary and a detailed comparison of the pre-treatment methods that have been utilized for wastewater and sludge samples are also presented. The role of metagenomics or sequencing analysis in monitoring wastewater systems to predict disease outbreaks, to conduct public health surveillance, to assess the efficiency of existing treatment systems in virus removal, and to re-evaluate current regulations regarding pathogenic viruses in wastewater is discussed in this paper. Challenges and future perspectives in the detection of viruses, including emerging and newly emerged viruses such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in wastewater systems are discussed in this review.

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Section: Methods Of Pre-treatment Of Wastewater Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses in wastewater: occurrence, abundance and detection methods

Corpuz

Buonerba

Vigliottá

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

228

178

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In vitro growth methods such as cell culture are the most pronounced traditional standards used to identify and detect the occurrence of HEV in environmental samples [ 82 , 98 , 99 ]. Cell culture is a technique whereby a microorganism’s cells are grown at a carefully controlled condition outside of the living animal [ 100 ].…”

Section: Conventional Methods For the Identification Of Hev In Envmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, the virus-like particles are counted using fluorescent nucleic acid stains through visualisation [ 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 ]. Flow cytometry and vortex flow filtration (VFF) have also been used for the quantification and counting of virus-like particles and prokaryotes in aquatic environments [ 98 , 111 , 112 ]. Figure 3 exhibits the numerous molecular approaches that have been used in the diagnostics and identification of HEV in environmental samples.…”

Section: Conventional Methods For the Identification Of Hev In Envmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Trends in the Application of Metagenomic Techniques in the Analysis of Human Enteric Viral Diversity in Africa’s Environmental Regimes

Osunmakinde

Selvarajan

Sibanda

et al. 2018

Viruses

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There has been an increase in the quest for metagenomics as an approach for the identification and study of the diversity of human viruses found in aquatic systems, both for their role as waterborne pathogens and as water quality indicators. In the last few years, environmental viral metagenomics has grown significantly and has enabled the identification, diversity and entire genome sequencing of viruses in environmental and clinical samples extensively. Prior to the arrival of metagenomics, traditional molecular procedures such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, were mostly used to identify and classify enteric viral species in different environmental milieu. After the advent of metagenomics, more detailed reports have emerged about the important waterborne viruses identified in wastewater treatment plant effluents and surface water. This paper provides a review of methods that have been used for the concentration, detection and identification of viral species from different environmental matrices. The review also takes into consideration where metagenomics has been explored in different African countries, as well as the limitations and challenges facing the approach. Procedures including sample processing, experimental design, sequencing technology, and bioinformatics analysis are discussed. The review concludes by summarising the current thinking and practices in the field and lays bare key issues that those venturing into this field need to consider and address.

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“…Various methods like isothermal amplification of target genes [51] , biosensors [125] , microarrays [126] , [127] , culture-based assays [128] , metagenomics [129] and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its types [130] , [131] are employed for the detection and quantification of the virus in the environmental samples ( Table 2 ). E. coli and f2 phage [51] , Poliovirus-1 (PV-1) Virome [47] , [52] , [53] , [54] , and HAV [55] were used as indicators for the evaluation of persistence and occurrence of CoV in environment wastewaters ( Table 1 , Table 2 ).…”

Section: Detection Of Virus In Environmental Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%