Methods for Life Extension of Multi-Storey Car Park Buildings

Abstract

Multi-storey car park buildings with steel-concrete composite floor structures are widespread in construction due to the distinct benefits of the implemented structural system. Although there are various possibilities for accomplishing composite action between a steel beam and concrete slab, some solutions as friction-grip bolts commonly applied in the 1970s, did not show good durability. An example is the multi-storey car park building "Obilićev venac" in Belgrade. The case study presents two methods for life extension of the car park building structure. Both approaches focus on applying welded headed studs with the primary intention to provide a durable shear connection. While the first method has been applied during the structure reconstruction, the second method is proposed as the novel solution for implementation in steel-concrete composite floors. The application of the proposed connection is discussed and results of the conducted experimental and numerical research are presented.

Behaviour of demountable steel‐concrete composite beams with bolts and headed studs

“…33.18 kN per headed stud. In comparison to the corresponding non-demountable connection [8], the demountable connection did not show a reduction in the resistance proving the validity of the adopted design. The tested shear connection featured ductile behaviour, with a mean value of slip capacity of 9.17 mm.…”

“…Steel-concrete composite beam models were developed in FE software Abaqus [16], using the Standard solver. Two beams with span lengths of 10 m and 15 m, and beam spacing of 2.3 m, were analysed, which correspond to the floor structure of the car park building "Obilićev venac" in Belgrade [8]. The beams spanning 10 m and 15 m consist of steel sections IPE 360, steel grade S235, and IPE 400, steel grade S355, respectively, all according to the initially applied design in the car park building.…”

“…In this paper, the next steps towards the understanding of the system behaviour have been made by analysing the response of the steel-concrete composite beam under service loads. The research was conducted using a case study approach, analysing two beams spanning 10 m and 15 m, corresponding by their spans, spacing, steel section geometries and material properties to the demountable girders implemented in the car park building "Obilićev venac" in Belgrade [8]. Unlike the Krupp-Montex system for connecting concrete slabs and steel profiles, initially applied during the car park construction in the 1970s, the implementation of a demountable solution with bolts and headed studs was examined in this study.…”

“…Many different demountable connections have been proposed in recent years, suggesting the use of various bolted shear connectors instead of commonly used headed studs [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Among the other solutions with typically one connector type applied, a demountable beam with the shear connection including both headed studs and bolts has been proposed and its shear behaviour has been investigated through push-out tests [8].…”

Information system to support the operation of the car park

“…When being logged out of the account, the user will be automatically redirected to the home page. (Jakovljević et al, 2022) Figure 8 -Welcome screen By clicking the "Log in" button, the user is redirected to the login page on which there are the fields for entering the username and the password. If valid data is entered, the user is redirected to the home page for work.…”