Methods to Eliminate Stimulus Transduction Artifact From Insert Earphones During Electroencephalography

Campbell, Tom; Kerlin, Jess R.; Bishop, Christopher W.; Miller, Lee M.

doi:10.1097/aud.0b013e3182280353

Cited by 81 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In electrophysiological measurements, averaging responses to opposite polarities of the stimulus has been recommended for reducing or eliminating stimulus artifact (Akhoun et al, 2008; Abbreviations: EFR, envelope following response; FFR, frequency following response; FA, fourier analyzer; RM-ANOVA, Repeated measures analysis of variance Campbell et al, 2012;Arnold, 2007;Small and Stapells, 2004). Averaging responses to opposite polarities has also been used to enhance Envelope Following Responses (EFR) by reducing contamination by the Frequency Following Response (FFR) and cochlear microphonic (Aiken and Picton, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of envelope following responses to vowel polarity

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of envelope following responses to vowel polarity

et al. 2015

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“…Responses exceeding ±35 μV were rejected as artifacts, and remaining sweeps were averaged. Final responses to each syllable comprised 2,000 artifact-free sweeps of each polarity, and responses to the two polarities were added to limit the influence of cochlear microphonic and stimulus artifact (57) and to emphasize the temporal envelope component of the cABR (58). All data reduction was done using custom routines MATLAB (Mathworks, Inc.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beat synchronization predicts neural speech encoding and reading readiness in preschoolers

Carr¹,

White-Schwoch²,

Tierney³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

187

151

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Temporal cues are important for discerning word boundaries and syllable segments in speech; their perception facilitates language acquisition and development. Beat synchronization and neural encoding of speech reflect precision in processing temporal cues and have been linked to reading skills. In poor readers, diminished neural precision may contribute to rhythmic and phonological deficits. Here we establish links between beat synchronization and speech processing in children who have not yet begun to read: preschoolers who can entrain to an external beat have more faithful neural encoding of temporal modulations in speech and score higher on tests of early language skills. In summary, we propose precise neural encoding of temporal modulations as a key mechanism underlying reading acquisition. Because beat synchronization abilities emerge at an early age, these findings may inform strategies for early detection of and intervention for languagebased learning disabilities.iteracy skills are critical for school success, employment, and general well-being (1), but reading disorders plague a significant portion (5-10%) of the population (2). Although we can characterize the perceptual and physiological deficits generally observed in reading-impaired individuals, each child is unique, challenging both diagnosis and intervention. Developmentally, speech rhythm is one of the earliest cues used by infants to segment speech and discern phonemes (3, 4), and parents naturally use emphatic stress and exaggerated rhythmic patterns to teach children language (5). Children and adults with dyslexia struggle to pick up on these rhythmic patterns (6), and this struggle may reflect a temporal encoding deficit underlying reading disabilities (5, 7). Furthermore, many reading-impaired children have pronounced problems with phonological awareness (i.e., the knowledge of which acoustic distinctions in speech are meaningful) that stem, at least in part, from deficient speechsound processing (8-12). Therefore, we posit that sensitivity to temporal modulations in speech influences the neural processing of discrete speech components and that a breakdown of the temporal encoding of speech segments may impede the development of phonological skills critical for language learning.Beat synchronization (a task necessitating precise integration of auditory perception and motor production) has offered an intriguing window into the biology of reading ability and its substrate skills. Converging lines of evidence indicate that children and adults who struggle to synchronize to a beat also struggle to read and have deficient neural encoding of sound (13-16). The preschool years constitute a sensitive period for phonological development, a time when experience with language and its internalization lay the foundation for reading acquisition (17). Here, we examined preschoolers' ability to synchronize their drumming to that of an experimenter (using drumming rates that approximated phonemic rates), language skills, and neural encoding of temporal modul...

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“…To make sure there was no stimulus artifact in FFR recordings, insert earphones with 580-mm tube were shielded using copper mesh. The effectiveness of shielding was tested by recordings with the earphones tube clamped and also by the latency of FFR responses [20]. The latencies of all subjects' FFRs were around 5~8 ms.…”

Section: Electrophysiological Measurements 241 Ffr Recordingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal integration reflected by frequency following response in auditory brainstem

2015

BME

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Abstract. Auditory temporal integration (ATI) has been widely described in psychoacoustic studies, especially for loudness perception. Loudness increases with increasing sound duration for durations up to a time constant about 100 ~ 200 ms, and then loudness becomes saturated with more duration increase. However, the electrophysiological mechanism underlying the ATI phenomenon has not been well understood. To investigate ATI at the brainstem level of auditory system and its relationship to cortical and behavioral ATI, frequency follow response (FFR) was acquired in our study. Simultaneously, ATI in auditory cortex was evaluated by cortical response P1. Behavioral loudness and electrophysiological measures were estimated from normal-hearing young adults for vowel /a/ whose durations varied from 50 ms to 175 ms. Significant effects of stimulus duration were found both on FFR and P1 amplitudes. Linear regression analysis revealed that as stimulus duration increased, brainstem FFR amplitude was significantly associated with cortical P1 amplitude and behavioral loudness, which confirmed the existence of temporal integration in auditory brainstem. Moreover, behavioral loudness ATI was better predicted using brainstem and cortical measures together than merely using each one separately, indicating an interplay and coordination for ATI across the three levels along auditory pathway.

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Methods to Eliminate Stimulus Transduction Artifact From Insert Earphones During Electroencephalography

Cited by 81 publications

References 29 publications

Sensitivity of envelope following responses to vowel polarity

Sensitivity of envelope following responses to vowel polarity

Beat synchronization predicts neural speech encoding and reading readiness in preschoolers

Temporal integration reflected by frequency following response in auditory brainstem

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